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Claroline < 1.7.7 Arbitrary File Inclusion

CVE	Category	Price	Severity
CVE-2006-4844	CWE-98	$500	High

Author	Risk	Exploitation Type	Date
Mayuresh Gurnani	High	Remote	2018-01-20

CVSS	EPSS	EPSSP
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H	0.02192	0.50148

CVSS vector description

Metric	Value	Metric Description	Value Description
Attack vector	Network	AV	The vulnerable system is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed below, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed “remotely exploitable” and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers). An example of a network attack is an attacker causing a denial of service by sending a specially crafted TCP packet across a wide area network (e.g., CVE-2004-0230).
Attack Complexity	Low	AC	The attacker must take no measurable action to exploit the vulnerability. The attack requires no target-specific circumvention to exploit the vulnerability. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable system.
Privileges Required	Low	PR	The attacker requires privileges that provide basic capabilities that are typically limited to settings and resources owned by a single low-privileged user. Alternatively, an attacker with Low privileges has the ability to access only non-sensitive resources.
User Interaction	None	UI	The vulnerable system can be exploited without interaction from any human user, other than the attacker. Examples include: a remote attacker is able to send packets to a target system a locally authenticated attacker executes code to elevate privileges
Scope	Unchanged	S	An exploited vulnerability can only affect resources managed by the same security authority. In the case of a vulnerability in a virtualized environment, an exploited vulnerability in one guest instance would not affect neighboring guest instances.
Confidentiality	High	C	There is total information disclosure, resulting in all data on the system being revealed to the attacker, or there is a possibility of the attacker gaining control over confidential data.
Integrity	High	I	There is a total compromise of system integrity. There is a complete loss of system protection, resulting in the attacker being able to modify any file on the target system.
Availability	High	A	There is a total shutdown of the affected resource. The attacker can deny access to the system or data, potentially causing significant loss to the organization.

Our sensors found this exploit at: https://cxsecurity.com/ascii/WLB-2018010196

Below is a copy:

Claroline < 1.7.7 Arbitrary File Inclusion

Claroline Arbitrary File Inclusion

Vendor: Claroline
Product: Claroline
Version: <= 1.7.7
Website: http://www.claroline.net/

BID: 20056 
CVE: CVE-2006-4844 
OSVDB: 28827 
SECUNIA: 21931 

Description:
Claroline is a popular online Open Source e-Learning application used to allow teachers or education organizations to create and administrate courses through the web. Claroline is also used as the framework for other e-Learning applications such as Dokeos. Unfortunately Claroline is vulnerable to a file inclusion issue when register globals is on which may allow for an attacker to read or execute arbitrary files. Some frameworks that use Claroline (such as Dokeos) are also vulnerable to the issues mentioned here. An updated version of Claroline has been released and users should upgrade immediately and disable register_globals if possible. 


Arbitrary File Inclusion:
Claroline is vulnerable to an arbitray file inclusion issue that may allow for remote code execution. The vulnerability is due to an uninitialized array being used to include files. The vulnerable code in claro_init_local.inc.php can be seen below 
if (isset($extAuthSource) && is_array($extAuthSource))
{
    foreach($extAuthSource as $thisAuthSource)
    {
        $_uid = include_once($thisAuthSource['newUser']);

        if ( $_uid > 0 )
        {
            $uidReset             = true;
            $claro_loginSucceeded = true;
            break;
        }
        else
        {
            $_uid                 = null;
            $claro_loginSucceeded = false;
        }
    }
} //end if is_array($extAuthSource)

Unfortunately there is no authentication needed to exploit this issue, thus allowing an attacker to easily include files via the extAuthSource[newUser] variable. 


Solution:
An updated version of Claroline has been released and users are encouraged to upgrade as soon as possible. 


Credits:
James Bercegay of the GulfTech Security Research Team

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