The vulnerable system is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed below, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed “remotely exploitable” and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers). An example of a network attack is an attacker causing a denial of service by sending a specially crafted TCP packet across a wide area network (e.g., CVE-2004-0230).
Attack Complexity
Low
AC
The attacker must take no measurable action to exploit the vulnerability. The attack requires no target-specific circumvention to exploit the vulnerability. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable system.
Privileges Required
None
PR
The attacker is unauthenticated prior to attack, and therefore does not require any access to settings or files of the vulnerable system to carry out an attack.
Scope
Unchanged
S
An exploited vulnerability can only affect resources managed by the same security authority. In the case of a vulnerability in a virtualized environment, an exploited vulnerability in one guest instance would not affect neighboring guest instances.
Confidentiality
High
C
There is total information disclosure, resulting in all data on the system being revealed to the attacker, or there is a possibility of the attacker gaining control over confidential data.
Integrity
High
I
There is a total compromise of system integrity. There is a complete loss of system protection, resulting in the attacker being able to modify any file on the target system.
Availability
High
A
There is a total shutdown of the affected resource. The attacker can deny access to the system or data, potentially causing significant loss to the organization.
Below is a copy: Microsoft Windows ".contact" File HTML Injection Mailto: Link Remote Code Execution 0day ZDI-CAN-7591
[+] Credits: John Page (aka hyp3rlinx)
[+] Website: hyp3rlinx.altervista.org
[+] Source: http://hyp3rlinx.altervista.org/advisories/MICROSOFT-WINDOWS-CONTACT-FILE-HTML-INJECTION-MAILTO-LINK-ARBITRARY-CODE-EXECUTION.txt
[+] ISR: ApparitionSec
[+] Zero Day Initiative Program
[+] ZDI-CAN-7591
[Vendor]
www.microsoft.com
[Product]
Microsoft .CONTACT File
A file with the CONTACT file extension is a Windows Contact file. They're used in Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7, and Windows Vista.
This is the folder where CONTACT files are stored by default: C:\Users\[USERNAME]\Contacts\.
[Vulnerability Type]
Mailto: HTML Link Injection Remote Code Execution
[Security Issue]
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on vulnerable installations of Microsoft Windows.
User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.
The flaw is due to the processing of ".contact" files, the E-mail address field takes an expected E-mail address value, however the .CONTACT file is
vulnerable to HTML injection as no validation is performed. Therefore, if an attacker references an executable file using an HREF tag it will run that
instead without warning instead of performing the expected email behavior. This is dangerous and would be unexpected to an end user.
The E-mail addresses Mailto: will point to an arbitrary executable like.
<a href="calc.exe">[email protected]</a>
Additionally the executable file can live in a sub-directory and be referenced like "<a href="mydir\malicious.exe">[email protected]</a>" or attackers can use
directory traversal techniques to point to a malware say sitting in the targets Downloads directory like:
<a href="..\..\..\..\Users\victim\Downloads\evil.exe">[email protected]</a>
Making matters worse is if the the files are compressed then downloaded "mark of the web" (MOTW) may potentially not work as expected using certain archive utils.
This advisory was initially one of three different vulnerabilities I reported to Zero Day Initiative Program (ZDI), that microsoft decided to not release a security fix
for and close. The first cases I reported to ZDI were .VCF and .CONTACT files Website address input fields.
This example is yet another vector affecting Windows .CONTACT files and is being released as the .CONTACT file issue is now publicly known.
[Exploit/POC]
Create a Windows .CONTACT file and inject the following HTML into the E-mail: field
<a href="calc.exe">[email protected]</a>
Windows will prompt you like "The e-mail address you have entered is not a valid internet e-mail address. Do you still want to add this address?"
Click Yes.
Open the .CONTACT file and click the Mailto: link BOOM! Windows calculator will execute.
Attacker supplied code is not limited to .EXE, .CPL or .COM as .VBS files will also execute! :)
[POC Video URL]
https://vimeo.com/312824315
[Disclosure Timeline]
Reported to ZDI 2018-11-22 (ZDI-CAN-7591)
Another separate vulnerability affecting MS Windows .contact files affected the Website address input fields and was publicly disclosed January 16, 2019.
https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-19-121/
Public disclosure : January 22, 2019
[+] Disclaimer
The information contained within this advisory is supplied "as-is" with no warranties or guarantees of fitness of use or otherwise.
Permission is hereby granted for the redistribution of this advisory, provided that it is not altered except by reformatting it, and
that due credit is given. Permission is explicitly given for insertion in vulnerability databases and similar, provided that due credit
is given to the author. The author is not responsible for any misuse of the information contained herein and accepts no responsibility
for any damage caused by the use or misuse of this information. The author prohibits any malicious use of security related information
or exploits by the author or elsewhere. All content (c).
hyp3rlinx
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