The vulnerable system is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed below, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed “remotely exploitable” and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers). An example of a network attack is an attacker causing a denial of service by sending a specially crafted TCP packet across a wide area network (e.g., CVE-2004-0230).
Attack Complexity
Low
AC
The attacker must take no measurable action to exploit the vulnerability. The attack requires no target-specific circumvention to exploit the vulnerability. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable system.
Privileges Required
Low
PR
The attacker requires privileges that provide basic capabilities that are typically limited to settings and resources owned by a single low-privileged user. Alternatively, an attacker with Low privileges has the ability to access only non-sensitive resources.
User Interaction
None
UI
The vulnerable system can be exploited without interaction from any human user, other than the attacker. Examples include: a remote attacker is able to send packets to a target system a locally authenticated attacker executes code to elevate privileges
Scope
Unchanged
S
An exploited vulnerability can only affect resources managed by the same security authority. In the case of a vulnerability in a virtualized environment, an exploited vulnerability in one guest instance would not affect neighboring guest instances.
Confidentiality
High
C
There is total information disclosure, resulting in all data on the system being revealed to the attacker, or there is a possibility of the attacker gaining control over confidential data.
Integrity
High
I
There is a total compromise of system integrity. There is a complete loss of system protection, resulting in the attacker being able to modify any file on the target system.
Availability
None
A
There is no impact on the availability of the system; the attacker does not have the ability to disrupt access to or use of the system.
Moodle URL Manipulation Remote Account Information Disclosurehttps://www.osisecurity.com.au/moodle-url-manipulation-remote-account-information-disclosure.html
Date:
04-Apr-2017
Product:
Moodle
Versions affected:
2.4.10, 2.5.6, 2.6.3, 2.7 and earlier.
Vulnerability:
Information disclosure.
Example:
/user/edit.php?id= reveals account owner name
1. Log in to http://demo.moodle.net/ as user student:sandbox.
2. Click view profile when logged in (student is id=4).
3. Change id parameter from 4 to 3, which is the teacher
(http://demo.moodle.net/user/profile.php?id=3). The HTML response says
'Terri Teacher' who the 'student' user has access to.
4. Change id parameter to 2
(http://demo.moodle.net/user/profile.php?id=2). The HTML response says
"The details of this user are not available to you" and the navigation
bar above says "Home / My profile / View profile / User".
5. Note that it says "User" - but hides the name!
6. Change the URL from profile.php to edit.php
(http://demo.moodle.net/user/edit.php?id=2).
7. The HTML message is "Sorry, but you do not currently have
permissions to do that (Edit user profile)" ... BUT, the navigation
bar says "Home / Users / Admin User".
Voil! The account name is "Admin User"
Effective on university websites which have 1+ million end users.
Credit:
Discovered by Patrick Webster
Disclosure timeline:
29-May-2014 - Discovered during audit, reported to tracker.
11-Jul-2014 - Fix committed MDL-45760.
14-Jul-2014 - Patch released for 2.4.11, 2.5.7, 2.6.4, 2.7.1.
04-Apr-2017 - Public disclosure.
About OSI Security:
OSI Security is an independent network and computer security auditing
and consulting company based in Sydney, Australia. We provide internal
and external penetration testing, vulnerability auditing and wireless
site audits, vendor product assessments, secure network design,
forensics and risk mitigation services.
We can be found at http://www.osisecurity.com.au/
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